Abstract：
SYNGAP1-ID is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation of the SYNGAP1 gene. Characterized by moderate to severe developmental delay, it is associated with several physical and behavioral issues as well as additional diagnoses, including autism. However, it is not known whether social cognitive differences seen in SYNGAP1-ID are similar to those previously identified in idiopathic or other forms of autism. This study therefore investigated visual social attention in SYNGAP1-ID. Eye movements were recorded across three passive viewing tasks (face scanning, pop-out, and social preference) of differing social complexity in 24 individuals with SYNGAP1-ID and 12 typically developing controls. We found that SYNGAP1-ID participants looked at faces less than the controls, and when they did look at faces, they had less time looking at and fewer fixations to the eyes. For the pop-out task, where social and nonsocial objects (Phone, car, face, bird, and face-noise) were presented in an array, those with SYNGAP1-ID spent significantly less time looking at the phone stimulus as well as fewer fixations to the face compared with the typically developing controls. When looking at two naturalistic scenes side by side, one social in nature (e.g., with children present) and the other not, there were no differences between the SYNGAP1-ID group and typically developing controls on any of the examined eye tracking measures. This study provides novel findings on the social attention of those with SYNGAP1-ID and helps to provide further evidence for using eye tracking as an objective measure of the social phenotype in this population in future clinical trials.
摘要：
SYNGAP1-ID是由SYNGAP1基因突变引起的神经发育障碍。以中度至重度发育迟缓为特征，它与一些身体和行为问题以及其他诊断有关，包括自闭症。然而,目前尚不清楚在SYNGAP1-ID中发现的社会认知差异是否与以前在特发性或其他形式的自闭症中发现的相似.因此，本研究调查了SYNGAP1-ID中的视觉社会注意。在三个被动观看任务中记录了眼睛运动(面部扫描，弹出,和社会偏好）在24个具有SYNGAP1-ID的个体和12个通常正在发展的对照中具有不同的社会复杂性。我们发现SYNGAP1-ID参与者看脸比对照组少，当他们看着脸的时候，他们看的时间更少，对眼睛的关注也更少。对于弹出任务，其中社会和非社会对象(电话，汽车,脸,鸟,和面部噪声)以阵列形式呈现，与通常发展中的对照组相比，具有SYNGAP1-ID的患者花费的时间明显减少，并且减少了对面部的关注。当并排观看两个自然主义场景时，一个社会性的(例如，有孩子在场)，另一个没有，SYNGAP1-ID组和通常正在进行的对照在任何检查的眼动追踪措施上没有差异.这项研究提供了有关SYNGAP1-ID患者的社会关注的新发现，并有助于在未来的临床试验中使用眼动追踪作为该人群社会表型的客观量度提供进一步的证据。
