Abstract：
The bark represents the outer protective layer of trees. It contains high concentrations of antimicrobial extractives, in addition to regular wood polymers. It represents a huge underutilized side stream in forestry, but biotechnological valorization is hampered by a lack of knowledge on microbial bark degradation. Many fungi are efficient lignocellulose degraders, and here, spruce bark degradation by five species, Dichomitus squalens, Rhodonia placenta, Penicillium crustosum, Trichoderma sp. B1, and Trichoderma reesei, was mapped, by continuously analyzing chemical changes in the bark over six months. The study reveals how fungi from different phyla degrade bark using diverse strategies, regarding both wood polymers and extractives, where toxic resin acids were degraded by Basidiomycetes but unmodified/tolerated by Ascomycetes. Proteome analyses of the white-rot D. squalens revealed several proteins, with both known and unknown functions, that were specifically upregulated during growth on bark. This knowledge can accelerate improved utilization of an abundant renewable resource.
摘要：
树皮代表树木的外保护层。它含有高浓度的抗菌提取物，除了常规的木材聚合物。它代表了林业中未充分利用的巨大侧流，但是由于缺乏对微生物树皮降解的了解，生物技术的价值受到了阻碍。许多真菌是有效的木质纤维素降解剂，在这里,云杉树皮被5种退化，镰刀菌，Rhodonia胎盘,地壳青霉,Trichodermap.B1和里氏木霉,被映射，通过连续分析六个月树皮中的化学变化。该研究揭示了来自不同门的真菌如何使用不同的策略降解树皮，关于木材聚合物和提取物，其中有毒的树脂酸被担子菌降解，但未被子囊菌修饰/耐受。白腐菌的蛋白质组分析揭示了几种蛋白质，已知和未知函数，在树皮上生长期间特别上调。这些知识可以加速丰富的可再生资源的利用。
