PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Previous studies have identified the consumption of country foods (hunted/harvested foods from the land) as the primary exposure source of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA) in Arctic communities. However, identifying the specific foods associated with PFAA exposures is complicated due to correlation between country foods that are commonly consumed together.
UNASSIGNED: We used venous blood sample data and food frequency questionnaire data from the Qanuilirpitaa? (\"How are we now?\") 2017 (Q2017) survey of Inuit individuals ≥16 y of age residing in Nunavik (n=1,193). Adaptive elastic net, a machine learning technique, identified the most important food items for predicting PFAA biomarker levels while accounting for the correlation among the food items. We used generalized linear regression models to quantify the association between the most predictive food items and six plasma PFAA biomarker levels. The estimates were converted to percent changes in a specific PFAA biomarker level per standard deviation increase in the consumption of a food item. Models were also stratified by food type (market or country foods).
UNASSIGNED: Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were associated with frequent consumption of beluga misirak (rendered fat) [14.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.3%, 18.9%; 14.6% (95% CI: 10.1%, 19.0%)], seal liver [9.3% (95% CI: 5.0%, 13.7%); 8.1% (95% CI: 3.5%, 12.6%)], and suuvalik (fish roe mixed with berries and fat) [6.0% (95% CI: 1.3%, 10.7%); 7.5% (95% CI: 2.7%, 12.3%)]. Beluga misirak was also associated with higher concentrations of perfluorohexanesulphonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), albeit with lower percentage changes. PFHxS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and PFNA followed some similar patterns, with higher levels associated with frequent consumption of ptarmigan [6.1% (95% CI: 3.2%, 9.0%); 5.1% (95% CI: 1.1%, 9.1%); 5.4% (95% CI: 1.8%, 9.0%)]. Among market foods, frequent consumption of processed meat and popcorn was consistently associated with lower PFAA exposure.
UNASSIGNED: Our study identifies specific food items contributing to environmental contaminant exposure in Indigenous or small communities relying on local subsistence foods using adaptive elastic net to prioritize responses from a complex food frequency questionnaire. In Nunavik, higher PFAA biomarker levels were primarily related to increased consumption of country foods, particularly beluga misirak, seal liver, suuvalik, and ptarmigan. Our results support policies regulating PFAA production and use to limit the contamination of Arctic species through long-range transport. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13556.
UNASSIGNED: We used venous blood sample data and food frequency questionnaire data from the Qanuilirpitaa? (\"How are we now?\") 2017 (Q2017) survey of Inuit individuals ≥16 y of age residing in Nunavik (n=1,193). Adaptive elastic net, a machine learning technique, identified the most important food items for predicting PFAA biomarker levels while accounting for the correlation among the food items. We used generalized linear regression models to quantify the association between the most predictive food items and six plasma PFAA biomarker levels. The estimates were converted to percent changes in a specific PFAA biomarker level per standard deviation increase in the consumption of a food item. Models were also stratified by food type (market or country foods).
UNASSIGNED: Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) were associated with frequent consumption of beluga misirak (rendered fat) [14.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.3%, 18.9%; 14.6% (95% CI: 10.1%, 19.0%)], seal liver [9.3% (95% CI: 5.0%, 13.7%); 8.1% (95% CI: 3.5%, 12.6%)], and suuvalik (fish roe mixed with berries and fat) [6.0% (95% CI: 1.3%, 10.7%); 7.5% (95% CI: 2.7%, 12.3%)]. Beluga misirak was also associated with higher concentrations of perfluorohexanesulphonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), albeit with lower percentage changes. PFHxS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and PFNA followed some similar patterns, with higher levels associated with frequent consumption of ptarmigan [6.1% (95% CI: 3.2%, 9.0%); 5.1% (95% CI: 1.1%, 9.1%); 5.4% (95% CI: 1.8%, 9.0%)]. Among market foods, frequent consumption of processed meat and popcorn was consistently associated with lower PFAA exposure.
UNASSIGNED: Our study identifies specific food items contributing to environmental contaminant exposure in Indigenous or small communities relying on local subsistence foods using adaptive elastic net to prioritize responses from a complex food frequency questionnaire. In Nunavik, higher PFAA biomarker levels were primarily related to increased consumption of country foods, particularly beluga misirak, seal liver, suuvalik, and ptarmigan. Our results support policies regulating PFAA production and use to limit the contamination of Arctic species through long-range transport. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13556.
摘要：
■先前的研究已经确定，在北极社区，消费乡村食物（从陆地上狩猎/收获的食物）是全氟烷基酸（PFAA）的主要暴露源。然而,由于通常一起食用的乡村食品之间的相关性，确定与PFAA暴露相关的特定食品很复杂。
■我们使用了来自Qanuilirpitaa？（\“我们现在怎么样？\”）的静脉血样本数据和食物频率问卷数据（Q2017）对居住在努纳维克的因纽特人年龄≥16岁的调查（n=1,193）。自适应弹性网，机器学习技术，确定了用于预测PFAA生物标志物水平的最重要的食品项目，同时考虑了食品项目之间的相关性。我们使用广义线性回归模型来量化最具预测性的食物项目和六个血浆PFAA生物标志物水平之间的关联。将估计值转换为特定PFAA生物标志物水平的百分比变化,每增加食品消耗的标准偏差。模型还按食物类型(市场或国家食物)分层。
■全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），全氟癸酸（PFDA），全氟十一烷酸（PFUnDA）与频繁食用白鲸misirak（渲染脂肪）[14.6％；95％置信区间（CI）：10.3％，18.9%；14.6%（95%CI：10.1%，19.0%)]，封肝[9.3%（95%CI：5.0%，13.7%）；8.1%（95%CI：3.5%，12.6%)]，和suuvalik（鱼卵与浆果和脂肪混合）[6.0％（95％CI：1.3％，10.7%）；7.5%（95%CI：2.7%，12.3%）]。Belugamisirak还与较高浓度的全氟己磺酸（PFHxS）和全氟壬酸（PFNA）有关，尽管百分比变化较低。PFHxS,全氟辛酸（PFOA），和PFNA遵循一些类似的模式，与频繁食用雷鸟[6.1%(95%CI：3.2%，9.0%)；5.1%(95%CI：1.1%，9.1%)；5.4%(95%CI：1.8%，9.0%）]。在市场食品中，经常食用加工肉类和爆米花与较低的PFAA暴露量相关。
■我们的研究确定了在土著或小社区中导致环境污染物暴露的特定食品，这些食品依赖于当地的自给食品，使用自适应弹性网优先考虑复杂的食物频率问卷的反应。在努纳维克,较高的PFAA生物标志物水平主要与国家食品消费增加有关，尤其是Belugamisirak,封肝,Suuvalik,还有雷鸟.我们的结果支持规范PFAA生产和使用的政策，以限制通过远距离运输对北极物种的污染。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13556.
■我们使用了来自Qanuilirpitaa？（\“我们现在怎么样？\”）的静脉血样本数据和食物频率问卷数据（Q2017）对居住在努纳维克的因纽特人年龄≥16岁的调查（n=1,193）。自适应弹性网，机器学习技术，确定了用于预测PFAA生物标志物水平的最重要的食品项目，同时考虑了食品项目之间的相关性。我们使用广义线性回归模型来量化最具预测性的食物项目和六个血浆PFAA生物标志物水平之间的关联。将估计值转换为特定PFAA生物标志物水平的百分比变化,每增加食品消耗的标准偏差。模型还按食物类型(市场或国家食物)分层。
■全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），全氟癸酸（PFDA），全氟十一烷酸（PFUnDA）与频繁食用白鲸misirak（渲染脂肪）[14.6％；95％置信区间（CI）：10.3％，18.9%；14.6%（95%CI：10.1%，19.0%)]，封肝[9.3%（95%CI：5.0%，13.7%）；8.1%（95%CI：3.5%，12.6%)]，和suuvalik（鱼卵与浆果和脂肪混合）[6.0％（95％CI：1.3％，10.7%）；7.5%（95%CI：2.7%，12.3%）]。Belugamisirak还与较高浓度的全氟己磺酸（PFHxS）和全氟壬酸（PFNA）有关，尽管百分比变化较低。PFHxS,全氟辛酸（PFOA），和PFNA遵循一些类似的模式，与频繁食用雷鸟[6.1%(95%CI：3.2%，9.0%)；5.1%(95%CI：1.1%，9.1%)；5.4%(95%CI：1.8%，9.0%）]。在市场食品中，经常食用加工肉类和爆米花与较低的PFAA暴露量相关。
■我们的研究确定了在土著或小社区中导致环境污染物暴露的特定食品，这些食品依赖于当地的自给食品，使用自适应弹性网优先考虑复杂的食物频率问卷的反应。在努纳维克,较高的PFAA生物标志物水平主要与国家食品消费增加有关，尤其是Belugamisirak,封肝,Suuvalik,还有雷鸟.我们的结果支持规范PFAA生产和使用的政策，以限制通过远距离运输对北极物种的污染。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13556.
