PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Emotion regulation, the process by which individuals manage and modify their emotional experiences, expressions, and responses to adaptively navigate and cope with various situations, plays a crucial role in daily life. Our study investigates the variations in emotion regulation strategies among individuals with different attachment styles (AS). Specifically, we examine how individuals with secure, anxious, avoidant, and fearful attachment styles effectively utilize cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression to regulate their emotions.
METHODS: A total of n = 98 adults were instructed to attend, reappraise, or suppress their emotions while viewing negative and neutral images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in an experimental emotion regulation task. After completing the task, participants rated the valence and arousal elicited by the images. Attachment styles were measured using the ECR-12 questionnaire and then categorized into four AS.
RESULTS: Our study revealed that individuals with secure AS (n = 39) effectively reduced displeasure through cognitive reappraisal but experienced levels of displeasure with expressive suppression. Anxious AS (n = 16) individuals successfully reduced displeasure using cognitive reappraisal but struggled to regulate arousal and effectively use expressive suppression. Avoidant AS (n = 24) individuals could reduce displeasure with both strategies but experienced high arousal during suppression attempts. Fearful AS (n = 19) individuals effectively regulated both displeasure and arousal using either strategy. However, Secure AS individuals showed superior reappraisal efficacy, significantly reducing arousal levels compared to the Fearful AS group. Both Secure and Avoidant AS groups experienced higher valence during reappraisal relative to a baseline, indicating a decrease in displeasure.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with different AS exhibit variations in the effectiveness of their use of emotion regulation strategies. Our findings reinforce the significance of AS in shaping emotion regulation processes and emphasize the need for tailored approaches to support individuals with different attachment orientations.
METHODS: A total of n = 98 adults were instructed to attend, reappraise, or suppress their emotions while viewing negative and neutral images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in an experimental emotion regulation task. After completing the task, participants rated the valence and arousal elicited by the images. Attachment styles were measured using the ECR-12 questionnaire and then categorized into four AS.
RESULTS: Our study revealed that individuals with secure AS (n = 39) effectively reduced displeasure through cognitive reappraisal but experienced levels of displeasure with expressive suppression. Anxious AS (n = 16) individuals successfully reduced displeasure using cognitive reappraisal but struggled to regulate arousal and effectively use expressive suppression. Avoidant AS (n = 24) individuals could reduce displeasure with both strategies but experienced high arousal during suppression attempts. Fearful AS (n = 19) individuals effectively regulated both displeasure and arousal using either strategy. However, Secure AS individuals showed superior reappraisal efficacy, significantly reducing arousal levels compared to the Fearful AS group. Both Secure and Avoidant AS groups experienced higher valence during reappraisal relative to a baseline, indicating a decrease in displeasure.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with different AS exhibit variations in the effectiveness of their use of emotion regulation strategies. Our findings reinforce the significance of AS in shaping emotion regulation processes and emphasize the need for tailored approaches to support individuals with different attachment orientations.
摘要：
背景：情绪调节，个人管理和修改他们的情感体验的过程，表达式,以及适应性导航和应对各种情况的反应，在日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。我们的研究调查了具有不同依恋风格（AS）的个体之间情绪调节策略的变化。具体来说,我们研究个人如何安全，焦虑,回避,恐惧依恋风格有效地利用认知重估和表达抑制来调节他们的情绪。
方法：总共有98名成年人被指示参加，重新评估，或在实验性情绪调节任务中从国际情感图片系统（IAPS）观看负面和中性图像时抑制他们的情绪。完成任务后,参与者对图像引起的效价和唤醒进行了评级。使用ECR-12问卷测量依恋风格，然后将其分为四种AS。
结果：我们的研究表明，患有安全AS（n=39）的个体通过认知重新评估有效地减少了不愉快，但由于表达抑制而经历了不愉快的水平。焦虑的AS（n=16）个体通过认知重新评估成功地减少了不悦，但难以调节唤醒并有效地使用表达抑制。回避AS（n=24）个体可以减少两种策略的不悦，但在抑制尝试期间经历了很高的唤醒。恐惧的AS（n=19）个体使用两种策略有效地调节了不愉快和唤醒。然而,安全的AS个体表现出优越的重新评估效能，与恐惧AS组相比，唤醒水平显着降低。相对于基线，安全和回避AS组在重新评估期间都经历了更高的效价，表示不愉快的减少。
结论：患有不同AS的个体在使用情绪调节策略的有效性方面表现出差异。我们的发现加强了AS在塑造情绪调节过程中的重要性，并强调需要量身定制的方法来支持具有不同依恋取向的个体。
方法：总共有98名成年人被指示参加，重新评估，或在实验性情绪调节任务中从国际情感图片系统（IAPS）观看负面和中性图像时抑制他们的情绪。完成任务后,参与者对图像引起的效价和唤醒进行了评级。使用ECR-12问卷测量依恋风格，然后将其分为四种AS。
结果：我们的研究表明，患有安全AS（n=39）的个体通过认知重新评估有效地减少了不愉快，但由于表达抑制而经历了不愉快的水平。焦虑的AS（n=16）个体通过认知重新评估成功地减少了不悦，但难以调节唤醒并有效地使用表达抑制。回避AS（n=24）个体可以减少两种策略的不悦，但在抑制尝试期间经历了很高的唤醒。恐惧的AS（n=19）个体使用两种策略有效地调节了不愉快和唤醒。然而,安全的AS个体表现出优越的重新评估效能，与恐惧AS组相比，唤醒水平显着降低。相对于基线，安全和回避AS组在重新评估期间都经历了更高的效价，表示不愉快的减少。
结论：患有不同AS的个体在使用情绪调节策略的有效性方面表现出差异。我们的发现加强了AS在塑造情绪调节过程中的重要性，并强调需要量身定制的方法来支持具有不同依恋取向的个体。
