PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The foot-and-mouth disease virus is a highly contagious and economically devastating virus of cloven-hooved animals, including cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goats, causing reduced animal productivity and posing international trade restrictions. For decades, chemically inactivated vaccines have been serving as the most effective strategy for the management of foot-and-mouth disease. Inactivated vaccines are commercially produced in cell culture systems, which require successful propagation and adaptation of field isolates, demanding a high cost and laborious time. Cell culture adaptation is chiefly indebted to amino acid substitutions in surface-exposed capsid proteins, altering the necessity of RGD-dependent receptors to heparan sulfate macromolecules for virus binding. Several amino acid substations in VP1, VP2, and VP3 capsid proteins of FMDV, both at structural and functional levels, have been characterized previously. This literature review combines frequently reported amino acid substitutions in virus capsid proteins, their critical roles in virus adaptation, and functional characterization of the substitutions. Furthermore, this data can facilitate molecular virologists to develop new vaccine strains against the foot-and-mouth disease virus, revolutionizing vaccinology via reverse genetic engineering and synthetic biology.
摘要：
口蹄疫病毒是一种传染性很强,经济上具有破坏性的偶蹄类动物病毒,包括牛,水牛,绵羊,和山羊,导致动物生产力下降并造成国际贸易限制。几十年来,化学灭活疫苗一直是控制口蹄疫的最有效策略。灭活疫苗是在细胞培养系统中商业生产的，这需要成功传播和适应田间分离株，要求高成本和费力的时间。细胞培养适应主要归功于表面暴露的衣壳蛋白中的氨基酸取代，改变RGD依赖性受体与硫酸乙酰肝素大分子结合病毒的必要性。FMDV的VP1，VP2和VP3衣壳蛋白中的几种氨基酸取代，在结构和功能层面，以前被描述过。这篇文献综述结合了病毒衣壳蛋白中经常报道的氨基酸取代，它们在病毒适应中的关键作用，和取代的功能表征。此外，这些数据可以促进分子病毒学家开发针对口蹄疫病毒的新疫苗株，通过逆向基因工程和合成生物学革新疫苗学。
