PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The connective tissue mast cell (MC), a sentinel tissue-residing secretory immune cell, has been preserved in all vertebrate classes since approximately 500 million years. No physiological role of the MC has yet been established. Considering the power of natural selection of cells during evolution, it is likely that the MCs exert essential yet unidentified life-promoting actions. All vertebrates feature a circulatory system, and the MCs interact readily with the vasculature. It is notable that embryonic MC progenitors are generated from endothelial cells. The MC hosts many surface receptors, enabling its activation via a vast variety of potentially harmful exogenous and endogenous molecules and via reproductive hormones in the female sex organs. Activated MCs release a unique composition of preformed and newly synthesized bioactive molecules, like heparin, histamine, serotonin, proteolytic enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. MCs play important roles in immune responses, tissue remodeling, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, tissue homeostasis, health, and reproduction. As recently suggested, MCs enable perpetuation of the vertebrates because of key effects-spanning generations-in ovulation and pregnancy, as in life-preserving activities in inflammation and wound healing from birth till reproductive age, thus creating a permanent life-sustaining loop. Here, we present recent advances that further indicate that the MC is a specific life-supporting and progeny-safeguarding cell.
摘要：
结缔组织肥大细胞（MC），一个前哨组织的分泌免疫细胞，自大约5亿年以来一直保存在所有脊椎动物中。尚未确定MC的生理作用。考虑到进化过程中细胞自然选择的力量，MC很可能会采取必要但尚未确定的促进生命的行动。所有脊椎动物都有循环系统，并且MC容易与脉管系统相互作用。值得注意的是,胚胎MC祖细胞是从内皮细胞产生的。MC拥有许多表面受体，通过各种潜在有害的外源性和内源性分子以及女性性器官中的生殖激素来激活它。活化的MC释放出一种独特的预制和新合成的生物活性分子组成，像肝素,组胺,血清素,蛋白水解酶，细胞因子,趋化因子,和增长因素。MC在免疫反应中发挥重要作用，组织重塑,细胞增殖，血管生成,炎症,伤口愈合，组织稳态，健康,和繁殖。正如最近建议的那样，MC使脊椎动物得以延续，因为在排卵和怀孕中具有重要的影响-跨越世代，就像从出生到生育年龄的炎症和伤口愈合中的生命保护活动一样，从而创造了一个永久的维持生命的循环。这里,我们介绍了最近的进展，进一步表明MC是一种特定的生命支持和后代保护细胞。
