PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential food crop in terms of consumption as well as production. Aflatoxin exposure has a widespread public health impact in economically developing nations, so there is a need to establish preventive techniques for these high-risk populations. Pre-harvest and post-harvest practices are the two strategies used to control aflatoxin contamination, which include the use of genetically modified crops that show resistance against Aspergillus infection, the use of pesticides, changing the planting and harvesting time of crops, and physical, chemical, and biological methods. In this research, aflatoxin detection and quantification were performed in different wheat varieties to determine quantitative differences in comparison to the European Commission\'s limit of 4 ppb aflatoxins in wheat. TLC for qualitative and the ELISA kit method for quantitative analysis of aflatoxins were used. Out of 56 samples, 35 were found contaminated with aflatoxins, while the remaining 21 samples did not show any presence of aflatoxins. Out of the 35 contaminated samples, 20 samples showed aflatoxin contamination within the permissible limit, while the remaining 15 samples showed aflatoxin concentration beyond the permissible level, ranging from 0.49 to 20.56 ppb. After quantification, the nine highly contaminated wheat samples were detoxified using physical, chemical, and biological methods. The efficiency of these methods was assessed, and they showed a significant reduction in aflatoxins of 53-72%, 79-88%, and 80-88%, respectively. In conclusion, the difference in aflatoxin concentration in different wheat varieties could be due to genetic variations. Furthermore, biological treatment could be the method of choice for detoxification of aflatoxins in wheat as it greatly reduced the aflatoxin concentration with no harmful effect on the quality of the grains.
摘要：
小麦（TriticumaestivumL.）在消费和生产方面都是必不可少的粮食作物。黄曲霉毒素暴露在经济发展中国家具有广泛的公共卫生影响，因此，有必要为这些高危人群建立预防技术。收获前和收获后的做法是控制黄曲霉毒素污染的两种策略,其中包括使用对曲霉感染具有抗性的转基因作物，使用杀虫剂，改变农作物的种植和收获时间，和物理，化学,生物方法。在这项研究中,在不同小麦品种中进行黄曲霉毒素检测和定量，以确定与欧盟委员会规定的小麦中4ppb黄曲霉毒素限量相比的定量差异。使用TLC进行定性，并使用ELISA试剂盒方法对黄曲霉毒素进行定量分析。56个样本中,35人被黄曲霉毒素污染,而其余21个样本没有显示任何黄曲霉毒素的存在。在35个被污染的样本中,20个样本显示黄曲霉毒素污染在允许范围内，而其余15个样品显示黄曲霉毒素浓度超过允许水平，范围从0.49到20.56ppb。量化后，九份高度污染的小麦样品用物理方法脱毒，化学,生物方法。评估了这些方法的效率，他们显示黄曲霉毒素显着减少了53-72％，79-88%，80-88%，分别。总之,不同小麦品种黄曲霉毒素浓度的差异可能是由于遗传变异造成的。此外，生物处理可能是小麦中黄曲霉毒素解毒的首选方法，因为它大大降低了黄曲霉毒素的浓度，对谷物的质量没有有害影响。
