PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The use of green extraction methods that meet the criteria of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies has been increasing in recent decades due to their many benefits. In this respect, extracts obtained using subcritical water are also gaining increased attention because of their potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Their antimicrobial activity is mainly due to the presence of various polyphenolic compounds. Although the exact mechanism of the antibacterial action of polyphenolic compounds has not yet been fully investigated and described, polyphenols are known to affect the bacterial cell at several cellular levels; among other things, they cause changes and ruptures in the cell membranes of the bacterial cell, affect the inactivation of bacterial enzymes and damage bacterial DNA. The difference in the strength of the antimicrobial activity of the extracts is most likely a result of differences in their lipophilicity and in the number and position of hydroxyl groups and double bonds in the chemical structure of polyphenols. By changing the extraction conditions, especially the temperature, during subcritical water extraction, we affect the solubility of the compounds we want to extract. In general, as the temperature increases, the solubility of polyphenolic compounds also increases, and the reduction of the surface tension of subcritical water at higher temperatures also enables faster dissolution of polyphenolic compounds. Different bacterial strains have different sensitivity to different extracts. However, extracts obtained with subcritical water extraction demonstrate strong antimicrobial activity compared to extracts obtained with conventional methods.
摘要：
近几十年来，由于其许多好处，满足可持续和环保技术标准的绿色提取方法的使用一直在增加。在这方面,使用亚临界水获得的提取物也因其潜在的抗氧化和抗菌性能而受到越来越多的关注。它们的抗微生物活性主要是由于各种多酚化合物的存在。尽管多酚化合物的抗菌作用的确切机理尚未得到充分的研究和描述,已知多酚在几个细胞水平上影响细菌细胞;除其他外，它们引起细菌细胞膜的变化和破裂，影响细菌酶的失活和破坏细菌DNA。提取物的抗微生物活性强度的差异很可能是由于它们的亲脂性以及多酚化学结构中羟基和双键的数量和位置的差异。通过改变提取条件,尤其是温度,在亚临界水提取过程中，我们会影响我们想要提取的化合物的溶解度。总的来说,随着温度的升高,多酚化合物的溶解度也增加，亚临界水的表面张力在较高温度下的降低也使得多酚化合物能够更快地溶解。不同的菌株对不同的提取物有不同的敏感性。然而,与常规方法获得的提取物相比，亚临界水提取获得的提取物具有很强的抗菌活性。
