Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Post-market monitoring has shown a potential link between the use of leukotriene-modifying agents (LTRAs) and an increased risk of neuropsychiatric events, such as depression. However, observational studies have produced inconsistent findings, offering no definitive conclusions.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential correlation between LTRAs exposure and depression in US adults.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study, based on population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 cycle. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depression. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate the association between LTRAs exposure and depression. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted, with the calculation of the E-value. Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the influence of LTRAs on mechanisms of depression.
RESULTS: Among the 9414 participants, 595 (6.3 %) were classified as having depression. LTRAs exposure was associated with a higher prevalence of depression (16.9 % vs. 6.0 %). The multivariable logistic regression results showed that LTRAs use increased the risk of depression (OR = 1.70; 95 % CI, 1.05-2.75). An association between LTRAs exposure and depression was found in sensitivity analyses conducted regardless of multivariable linear regression with the PHQ-9 score as a continuous variable (β = 0.97; 95 % CI, 0.44-1.50) or multivariable logistic regression with the PHQ-9 cut-off of 5 (OR = 1.52; 95 % CI, 1.08-2.14). The association between LTRAs and depression was stable in the different subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS: LTRAs exposure is positively associated with depression in US adults. Therefore, the risk for depression in patients receiving long-term LTRAs treatment should be considered.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the potential correlation between LTRAs exposure and depression in US adults.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study, based on population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 cycle. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depression. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate the association between LTRAs exposure and depression. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted, with the calculation of the E-value. Network pharmacology was employed to investigate the influence of LTRAs on mechanisms of depression.
RESULTS: Among the 9414 participants, 595 (6.3 %) were classified as having depression. LTRAs exposure was associated with a higher prevalence of depression (16.9 % vs. 6.0 %). The multivariable logistic regression results showed that LTRAs use increased the risk of depression (OR = 1.70; 95 % CI, 1.05-2.75). An association between LTRAs exposure and depression was found in sensitivity analyses conducted regardless of multivariable linear regression with the PHQ-9 score as a continuous variable (β = 0.97; 95 % CI, 0.44-1.50) or multivariable logistic regression with the PHQ-9 cut-off of 5 (OR = 1.52; 95 % CI, 1.08-2.14). The association between LTRAs and depression was stable in the different subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS: LTRAs exposure is positively associated with depression in US adults. Therefore, the risk for depression in patients receiving long-term LTRAs treatment should be considered.
摘要：
背景：上市后监测表明，白三烯修饰剂（LTRAs）的使用与神经精神事件风险增加之间存在潜在联系，比如抑郁症。然而,观察性研究产生了不一致的发现，没有给出明确的结论。
目的：评估美国成年人LTRAs暴露与抑郁症之间的潜在相关性。
方法：这项横断面研究，基于2007-2016年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的人口数据。患者健康问卷-9用于评估抑郁症。多变量回归分析用于评估LTRAs暴露与抑郁之间的关联。进行了敏感性和亚组分析，计算E值。采用网络药理学研究LTRAs对抑郁症发病机制的影响。
结果：在9414名参与者中，595（6.3％）被归类为抑郁症。LTRAs暴露与较高的抑郁症患病率相关(16.9%vs.6.0%）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,使用LTRAs可增加抑郁症的风险(OR=1.70;95%CI,1.05~2.75)。在敏感性分析中发现了LTRAs暴露与抑郁之间的关联，而不考虑以PHQ-9评分为连续变量的多变量线性回归（β=0.97；95％CI，0.44-1.50）或以PHQ-9截止为5的多变量逻辑回归（OR=1.52；95％CI，1.08-2.14）。在不同亚组中，LTRAs与抑郁症之间的关联是稳定的。
结论：LTRAs暴露与美国成年人的抑郁症呈正相关。因此,应考虑接受长期LTRAs治疗的患者患抑郁症的风险.
目的：评估美国成年人LTRAs暴露与抑郁症之间的潜在相关性。
方法：这项横断面研究，基于2007-2016年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的人口数据。患者健康问卷-9用于评估抑郁症。多变量回归分析用于评估LTRAs暴露与抑郁之间的关联。进行了敏感性和亚组分析，计算E值。采用网络药理学研究LTRAs对抑郁症发病机制的影响。
结果：在9414名参与者中，595（6.3％）被归类为抑郁症。LTRAs暴露与较高的抑郁症患病率相关(16.9%vs.6.0%）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,使用LTRAs可增加抑郁症的风险(OR=1.70;95%CI,1.05~2.75)。在敏感性分析中发现了LTRAs暴露与抑郁之间的关联，而不考虑以PHQ-9评分为连续变量的多变量线性回归（β=0.97；95％CI，0.44-1.50）或以PHQ-9截止为5的多变量逻辑回归（OR=1.52；95％CI，1.08-2.14）。在不同亚组中，LTRAs与抑郁症之间的关联是稳定的。
结论：LTRAs暴露与美国成年人的抑郁症呈正相关。因此,应考虑接受长期LTRAs治疗的患者患抑郁症的风险.
