Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to describe the temporal changes in causes and prevalence of childhood visual impairment in Denmark based on the National Danish Registry of Children with Visual Impairment (NDRCVI).
METHODS: Annual reports on the NDRCVI since its establishment in 1979 were reviewed and data on the number of registered children and the causes for registration with a visual impairment were evaluated.
RESULTS: The average annual incidence of childhood visual impairment in Denmark is 2.8 per 1000 live-born children and the prevalence of childhood visual impairment is 1.6 per 1000 children <18 years. Today, fewer children are severely visually impaired (visual acuity ≤6/60) at the time of registration (31.6% since 2010 vs. 51.1% in the 1980s). Cerebral visual impairment and optic nerve atrophy have remained common causes of childhood visual impairment whereas sequelae to retinopathy of prematurity have been almost eliminated as a cause. Systemic comorbidities are more common now in children with visual impairment (seen in 63.9% in the last decades vs. 44.6%in the 1980-ties).
CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the prevalence of visual impairment has remained relatively stable over the years, the severity of visual impairment has improved, suggesting that more children will be able to live an active life supported by aids compensating vision loss. However, more children have systemic comorbidities in combination with their visual impairment suggesting that children with visual impairment face a life not only limited by the obstacles of poor vision. This calls for multidisciplinary management and support of affected children and families.
METHODS: Annual reports on the NDRCVI since its establishment in 1979 were reviewed and data on the number of registered children and the causes for registration with a visual impairment were evaluated.
RESULTS: The average annual incidence of childhood visual impairment in Denmark is 2.8 per 1000 live-born children and the prevalence of childhood visual impairment is 1.6 per 1000 children <18 years. Today, fewer children are severely visually impaired (visual acuity ≤6/60) at the time of registration (31.6% since 2010 vs. 51.1% in the 1980s). Cerebral visual impairment and optic nerve atrophy have remained common causes of childhood visual impairment whereas sequelae to retinopathy of prematurity have been almost eliminated as a cause. Systemic comorbidities are more common now in children with visual impairment (seen in 63.9% in the last decades vs. 44.6%in the 1980-ties).
CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the prevalence of visual impairment has remained relatively stable over the years, the severity of visual impairment has improved, suggesting that more children will be able to live an active life supported by aids compensating vision loss. However, more children have systemic comorbidities in combination with their visual impairment suggesting that children with visual impairment face a life not only limited by the obstacles of poor vision. This calls for multidisciplinary management and support of affected children and families.
摘要：
目的：本研究的目的是根据丹麦国家视力障碍儿童注册（NDRCVI）描述丹麦儿童视力障碍的病因和患病率的时间变化。
方法：回顾了NDRCVI自1979年成立以来的年度报告，并评估了有关注册儿童数量和视力障碍注册原因的数据。
结果：丹麦儿童视力障碍的年平均发病率为每1000名活产儿童2.8例，儿童视力障碍的患病率为每1000名<18岁的儿童1.6例。今天,登记时出现严重视力障碍(视力≤6/60)的儿童较少(自2010年以来为31.6%，而1980年代为51.1%）。脑视力障碍和视神经萎缩仍然是儿童视力障碍的常见原因，而早产儿视网膜病变的后遗症几乎已被消除。现在，系统性合并症在视力障碍儿童中更为常见（在过去几十年中，63.9％与1980年的44.6%)。
结论：尽管多年来视力障碍的患病率相对稳定，视力障碍的严重程度有所改善，这表明，更多的孩子将能够过上积极的生活，辅以辅助工具补偿视力丧失。然而,更多的儿童有全身合并症和视力障碍，这表明视力障碍儿童面临的生活不仅受到视力障碍的限制。这要求对受影响的儿童和家庭进行多学科管理和支持。
方法：回顾了NDRCVI自1979年成立以来的年度报告，并评估了有关注册儿童数量和视力障碍注册原因的数据。
结果：丹麦儿童视力障碍的年平均发病率为每1000名活产儿童2.8例，儿童视力障碍的患病率为每1000名<18岁的儿童1.6例。今天,登记时出现严重视力障碍(视力≤6/60)的儿童较少(自2010年以来为31.6%，而1980年代为51.1%）。脑视力障碍和视神经萎缩仍然是儿童视力障碍的常见原因，而早产儿视网膜病变的后遗症几乎已被消除。现在，系统性合并症在视力障碍儿童中更为常见（在过去几十年中，63.9％与1980年的44.6%)。
结论：尽管多年来视力障碍的患病率相对稳定，视力障碍的严重程度有所改善，这表明，更多的孩子将能够过上积极的生活，辅以辅助工具补偿视力丧失。然而,更多的儿童有全身合并症和视力障碍，这表明视力障碍儿童面临的生活不仅受到视力障碍的限制。这要求对受影响的儿童和家庭进行多学科管理和支持。
