PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Despite having the same underlying genetic etiology, individuals with the same syndromic form of intellectual developmental disability (IDD) show a large degree of interindividual differences in cognition and IQ. Research indicates that up to 80% of the variation in IQ scores among individuals with syndromic IDDs is attributable to nongenetic effects, including social-environmental factors. In this narrative review, we summarize evidence of the influence that factors related to economic stability (focused on due to its prevalence in existing literature) have on IQ in individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also highlight the pathways through which economic stability is hypothesized to impact cognitive development and drive individual differences in IQ among individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also identify broader social-environmental factors (e.g., social determinants of health) that warrant consideration in future research, but that have not yet been explored in syndromic IDDs. We conclude by making recommendations to address the urgent need for further research into other salient factors associated with heterogeneity in IQ. These recommendations ultimately may shape individual- and community-level interventions and may inform systems-level public policy efforts to promote the cognitive development of and improve the lived experiences of individuals with syndromic IDDs.
摘要：
尽管有相同的潜在遗传病因，具有相同智力发育障碍（IDD）综合征形式的个体在认知和智商方面表现出很大程度的个体差异。研究表明，在患有IDD综合征的个体中，高达80％的智商得分变化归因于非遗传效应，包括社会环境因素。在这篇叙述性评论中，我们总结了与经济稳定性相关的因素(在现有文献中重点关注其患病率)对综合征性IDD患者智商的影响的证据.我们还强调了假设经济稳定影响认知发展并驱动患有综合征性IDD的个体之间智商差异的途径。我们还确定了更广泛的社会环境因素(例如，健康的社会决定因素)需要在未来的研究中加以考虑，但尚未在综合征性IDDs中探索。最后，我们提出建议，以解决迫切需要进一步研究与智商异质性相关的其他重要因素的问题。这些建议最终可能会影响个人和社区层面的干预措施，并可能为系统层面的公共政策努力提供信息，以促进患有综合IDD的个人的认知发展并改善其生活体验。
