PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Renal stones are solid deposits formed from minerals and salts that develop within the kidneys and urinary tract. While the condition is more common among adults, children and even infants can also be affected. There is an increasing incidence of paediatric renal stones in Africa alongside multiple challenges faced in managing the condition. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the management modalities of paediatric renal stones in Africa. This study utilised Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. A systematic search was conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, African Journal Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar, with 1,180 articles curated. After extensive examination, 10 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. The review found that calcium oxalate stones were the most prevalent type, accounting for 34.03% of cases, followed by whewellite stones and ammonium urate stones. The most frequent location for stones was the kidney, and the most common symptom was pain. Abdominopelvic ultrasound was the most frequently utilised investigation. Of the 886 patients managed for renal stones, 75.4% were managed surgically, 2.9% medically, and 21.7% spontaneously resolved without intervention. This review identifies opportunities for improving the management of paediatric renal stones in Africa, including the need for standardised diagnostic and treatment protocols and the development of evidence-based guidelines tailored to the African context. Overall, this scoping review provides valuable insights into the patterns and management of paediatric renal stones in Africa and highlights the need for further research to improve the management of this condition in the region.
摘要：
肾结石是由肾脏和泌尿道内发育的矿物质和盐形成的固体沉积物。虽然这种情况在成年人中更常见，儿童甚至婴儿也会受到影响。在非洲，儿科肾结石的发病率越来越高，同时在管理这种疾病方面面临着多种挑战。本范围审查旨在概述非洲小儿肾结石的管理方式。本研究利用系统评论和荟萃分析扩展进行范围范围评论（PRISMA-ScR）清单。在三个电子数据库中进行了系统的搜索：PubMed，非洲在线杂志（AJOL），和谷歌学者，整理了1180篇文章。经过广泛的检查，10条符合纳入标准。审查发现草酸钙结石是最常见的类型，占病例的34.03%，其次是wewellite结石和尿酸铵结石。结石最常见的部位是肾脏，最常见的症状是疼痛。腹盆腔超声是最常用的检查方法。在886例肾结石患者中，75.4%通过手术治疗，医学上2.9%，21.7%在没有干预的情况下自发解决。这篇综述确定了改善非洲儿童肾结石管理的机会，包括需要标准化的诊断和治疗方案，以及制定适合非洲背景的循证指南。总的来说,这项范围审查为非洲儿童肾结石的模式和管理提供了有价值的见解，并强调需要进一步研究以改善该地区对这种情况的管理。
