Abstract：
Childhood obesity with its growing prevalence worldwide presents one of the most important health challenges nowadays. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the development of this condition, as well as in its associations with various cardiometabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings suggest that childhood obesity and associated dyslipidemia at least partly originate from epigenetic modifications that take place in the earliest periods of life, namely prenatal and perinatal periods. Hence, alterations of maternal metabolism could be fundamentally responsible for fetal and neonatal metabolic programming and consequently, for metabolic health of offspring in later life. In this paper, we will review recent findings on the associations among intrauterine and early postnatal exposure to undesirable modulators of metabolism, development of childhood obesity and later cardiometabolic complications. Special attention will be given to maternal dyslipidemia as a driven force for undesirable epigenetic modulations in offspring. In addition, newly proposed lipid biomarkers of increased cardiometabolic risk in obese children and adolescents will be analyzed, with respect to their predictive potential and clinical applicability.
摘要：
儿童肥胖及其在全球范围内的患病率不断增长，是当今最重要的健康挑战之一。这种情况的发展涉及多种机制，以及与各种心脏代谢并发症的关联，比如胰岛素抵抗，糖尿病,代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病和心血管疾病。最近的研究结果表明，儿童肥胖和相关的血脂异常至少部分源于生命最早时期发生的表观遗传修饰。即产前和围产期。因此，母体代谢的改变可能是胎儿和新生儿代谢程序的根本原因，后代的代谢健康。在本文中,我们将回顾子宫内和出生后早期暴露于不良代谢调节剂之间的相关性的最新发现，儿童肥胖和后来的心脏代谢并发症的发展。将特别注意母体血脂异常作为后代不良表观遗传调制的驱动力。此外,将分析新提出的肥胖儿童和青少年心脏代谢风险增加的脂质生物标志物，关于它们的预测潜力和临床适用性。
