Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common neurological disorder in pediatric age. FS affect 2% to 12% of children and result from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Effective management and unambiguous recommendations are crucial for allocating health care resources efficiently and ensuring cost-effectiveness in treating FS.
METHODS: This systematic review compares existing guidelines to provide insights into FS management. Seven guidelines published between 1991 and 2021, from Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Mexico, India, and Italy, were included. Data extraction covered definitions, diagnostic criteria, hospital admission criteria, diagnostic tests, management, and prophylaxis recommendations.
RESULTS: Hospital admission criteria varied but typically included age <18 months and complex FS. Neuroimaging and lumbar puncture recommendations varied, with most guidelines suggesting limited use. Pharmacologic prophylaxis was generally discouraged for simple FS but considered only for high-risk cases, due to the benign nature of FS and the potential side effects of antiseizure medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines on FS exhibit similarities and differences, highlighting the need for standardized management and improved parental education to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce economic and social costs associated with FS. Future research should focus on creating updated international guidelines and ensuring their practical implementation.
METHODS: This systematic review compares existing guidelines to provide insights into FS management. Seven guidelines published between 1991 and 2021, from Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Mexico, India, and Italy, were included. Data extraction covered definitions, diagnostic criteria, hospital admission criteria, diagnostic tests, management, and prophylaxis recommendations.
RESULTS: Hospital admission criteria varied but typically included age <18 months and complex FS. Neuroimaging and lumbar puncture recommendations varied, with most guidelines suggesting limited use. Pharmacologic prophylaxis was generally discouraged for simple FS but considered only for high-risk cases, due to the benign nature of FS and the potential side effects of antiseizure medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines on FS exhibit similarities and differences, highlighting the need for standardized management and improved parental education to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce economic and social costs associated with FS. Future research should focus on creating updated international guidelines and ensuring their practical implementation.
摘要：
背景：高热惊厥（FS）是儿科年龄最常见的神经系统疾病。FS影响2％至12％的儿童，是遗传和环境因素复杂相互作用的结果。有效的管理和明确的建议对于有效分配医疗保健资源和确保治疗FS的成本效益至关重要。
方法：本系统综述比较了现有指南，以提供对FS管理的见解。1991年至2021年期间发布的七项指导方针，来自日本，英国,美国,墨西哥,印度,意大利,包括在内。数据提取涵盖定义，诊断标准,入院标准，诊断测试,管理,和预防建议。
结果：入院标准各不相同，但通常包括<18个月的年龄和复杂的FS。神经影像学和腰椎穿刺的建议各不相同，大多数指南建议有限使用。对于简单的FS，一般不鼓励药物预防，但只考虑高危病例。由于FS的良性性质和抗癫痫药物的潜在副作用。
结论：关于FS的指南表现出异同，强调需要标准化管理和改善父母教育，以提高临床结果并降低与FS相关的经济和社会成本。未来的研究应侧重于制定最新的国际准则并确保其实际实施。
方法：本系统综述比较了现有指南，以提供对FS管理的见解。1991年至2021年期间发布的七项指导方针，来自日本，英国,美国,墨西哥,印度,意大利,包括在内。数据提取涵盖定义，诊断标准,入院标准，诊断测试,管理,和预防建议。
结果：入院标准各不相同，但通常包括<18个月的年龄和复杂的FS。神经影像学和腰椎穿刺的建议各不相同，大多数指南建议有限使用。对于简单的FS，一般不鼓励药物预防，但只考虑高危病例。由于FS的良性性质和抗癫痫药物的潜在副作用。
结论：关于FS的指南表现出异同，强调需要标准化管理和改善父母教育，以提高临床结果并降低与FS相关的经济和社会成本。未来的研究应侧重于制定最新的国际准则并确保其实际实施。
