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Abstract：
Astaxanthin is the most prevalent carotenoid in the marine environment and is widely used as an additive in formulated aquafeeds.
A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to consider the effect of dietary nanoliposome-coated astaxanthin (NA) on haematological parameters, serum antioxidant activities and immune responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
A total of 450 healthy fish weighing 31.00 ± 2.09 g were randomly assigned in triplicate (30 fish per replicate) to 5 dietary treatments: 0 (control), 25.00, 50.00, 75.00, and 100.00 mg kg-1 NA.
Fish fed the diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA exhibited the highest values of red blood cells, white blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit of 1.64 ± 0.01 × 106 mm-3, 5.54 ± 0.21 × 103 mm-3, 8.73 ± 0.24 g dL-1 and 46.67% ± 0.88%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). The lowest and highest percentages of lymphocytes (67.67% ± 0.33%) and neutrophils (27.33% ± 1.20%) were also obtained in fish fed 50.00 mg kg-1 NA compared to those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). Fish receiving diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA revealed the highest serum activity in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme and alternative complement and the lowest level of total cholesterol, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase than fish receiving the basal diet (p < 0.05). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and ACH50 contents significantly increased with increasing dietary NA supplementation to the highest values of 43.17 ± 1.46 and 293.33 ± 2.03 U mL-1, respectively, in fish fed diet supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 NA (p < 0.05).
Supplementation of NA in rainbow trout diet at 50 mg kg-1 exhibited a positive effect on haematological parameters, antioxidant capacity and immune responses. Administration of such dosage can enhance rainbow trout immune responses against unfavourable or stressful conditions, for example disease outbreaks, hypoxic condition, thermal stress and sudden osmotic fluctuations, which usually happen in an intensive culture system.
A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to consider the effect of dietary nanoliposome-coated astaxanthin (NA) on haematological parameters, serum antioxidant activities and immune responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
A total of 450 healthy fish weighing 31.00 ± 2.09 g were randomly assigned in triplicate (30 fish per replicate) to 5 dietary treatments: 0 (control), 25.00, 50.00, 75.00, and 100.00 mg kg-1 NA.
Fish fed the diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA exhibited the highest values of red blood cells, white blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit of 1.64 ± 0.01 × 106 mm-3, 5.54 ± 0.21 × 103 mm-3, 8.73 ± 0.24 g dL-1 and 46.67% ± 0.88%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). The lowest and highest percentages of lymphocytes (67.67% ± 0.33%) and neutrophils (27.33% ± 1.20%) were also obtained in fish fed 50.00 mg kg-1 NA compared to those fed the basal diet (p < 0.05). Fish receiving diet supplemented with 50.00 mg kg-1 NA revealed the highest serum activity in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme and alternative complement and the lowest level of total cholesterol, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase than fish receiving the basal diet (p < 0.05). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and ACH50 contents significantly increased with increasing dietary NA supplementation to the highest values of 43.17 ± 1.46 and 293.33 ± 2.03 U mL-1, respectively, in fish fed diet supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 NA (p < 0.05).
Supplementation of NA in rainbow trout diet at 50 mg kg-1 exhibited a positive effect on haematological parameters, antioxidant capacity and immune responses. Administration of such dosage can enhance rainbow trout immune responses against unfavourable or stressful conditions, for example disease outbreaks, hypoxic condition, thermal stress and sudden osmotic fluctuations, which usually happen in an intensive culture system.
摘要：
背景：虾青素是海洋环境中最普遍的类胡萝卜素，被广泛用作配制的水产饲料中的添加剂。
目的：进行了为期60天的喂养试验，以考虑饲粮纳米脂质体包被的虾青素（NA）对血液学参数的影响，虹鳟鱼血清抗氧化活性和免疫反应,Oncorhynchusmykiss。
方法：将450条重31.00±2.09g的健康鱼，一式三份（每个重复30条鱼）随机分配到5种饮食处理：0（对照），25.00、50.00、75.00和707mgkg-1NA。
结果：饲喂添加50.00mgkg-1NA的饮食的鱼表现出最高的红细胞值，白细胞,血红蛋白和血细胞比容为1.64±0.01×106mm-3、5.54±0.21×103mm-3、8.73±0.24gdL-1和46.67%±0.88%，分别,显著高于基础日粮(p<0.05)。与饲喂基础饮食的鱼相比，饲喂50.00mgkg-1NA的鱼也获得了最低和最高的淋巴细胞百分比（67.67％±0.33％）和中性粒细胞百分比（27.33％±1.20％）（p<0.05）。接受补充50.00mgkg-1NA的饮食的鱼显示超氧化物歧化酶的血清活性最高，过氧化氢酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,溶菌酶和替代补体和最低水平的总胆固醇，皮质醇,谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶比鱼类接收基础日粮(p<0.05)。血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)和ACH50含量随着日粮NA添加量的增加而显著增加,分别达到43.17±1.46和293.33±2.03UmL-1的最高值,在补充了50mgkg-1NA的鱼饲粮中（p<0.05）。
结论：在50mgkg-1的虹鳟鱼饮食中补充NA对血液学参数具有积极作用，抗氧化能力和免疫反应。施用这种剂量可以增强虹鳟鱼对不利或紧张状况的免疫反应。例如疾病爆发，缺氧条件，热应力和突然的渗透波动，这通常发生在密集的文化系统中。
目的：进行了为期60天的喂养试验，以考虑饲粮纳米脂质体包被的虾青素（NA）对血液学参数的影响，虹鳟鱼血清抗氧化活性和免疫反应,Oncorhynchusmykiss。
方法：将450条重31.00±2.09g的健康鱼，一式三份（每个重复30条鱼）随机分配到5种饮食处理：0（对照），25.00、50.00、75.00和707mgkg-1NA。
结果：饲喂添加50.00mgkg-1NA的饮食的鱼表现出最高的红细胞值，白细胞,血红蛋白和血细胞比容为1.64±0.01×106mm-3、5.54±0.21×103mm-3、8.73±0.24gdL-1和46.67%±0.88%，分别,显著高于基础日粮(p<0.05)。与饲喂基础饮食的鱼相比，饲喂50.00mgkg-1NA的鱼也获得了最低和最高的淋巴细胞百分比（67.67％±0.33％）和中性粒细胞百分比（27.33％±1.20％）（p<0.05）。接受补充50.00mgkg-1NA的饮食的鱼显示超氧化物歧化酶的血清活性最高，过氧化氢酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,溶菌酶和替代补体和最低水平的总胆固醇，皮质醇,谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶比鱼类接收基础日粮(p<0.05)。血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)和ACH50含量随着日粮NA添加量的增加而显著增加,分别达到43.17±1.46和293.33±2.03UmL-1的最高值,在补充了50mgkg-1NA的鱼饲粮中（p<0.05）。
结论：在50mgkg-1的虹鳟鱼饮食中补充NA对血液学参数具有积极作用，抗氧化能力和免疫反应。施用这种剂量可以增强虹鳟鱼对不利或紧张状况的免疫反应。例如疾病爆发，缺氧条件，热应力和突然的渗透波动，这通常发生在密集的文化系统中。
