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Abstract：
Background Third molar extraction is a routine oral surgical procedure that is often complicated by the development of a dry socket (alveolar osteitis). This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dry sockets and identify associated risk factors and causes, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the postoperative outcomes of oral surgery. Methods This study employed a prospective observational design with a 12-month follow-up period. Participants aged 18-40 years scheduled for third molar extraction were included, whereas those with coagulopathies, pregnant or lactating women, patients with vitamin deficiencies, and individuals on medications affecting healing were excluded. Data collection involved comprehensive assessments at baseline, intraoperative details, and postoperative evaluations at 48 hours, one week, and two weeks. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-tests, or Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression for the risk factor analysis. Results A total of 238 participants with diverse demographic characteristics were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of dry sockets increased progressively from 20.6% at 48 hours to 41.2% at two weeks post-extraction. Smoking, poor oral hygiene, and surgical technique emerged as significant risk factors, with corresponding odds ratios of 6.41 (95% CI: 2.86-14.36, p < 0.001), 9.53 (95% CI: 2.12-42.84, p = 0.003), and 3.27 (95% CI: 2.08-5.15, p < 0.001), respectively. Pain intensity, measured using a Visual Analog Scale, gradually decreased from 48 hours to two weeks post-extraction. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with dry sockets following third molar extractions. Smoking, poor oral hygiene, and poor surgical techniques were identified as significant contributors, emphasizing the importance of preoperative counseling and targeted interventions.
摘要：
背景第三磨牙拔除是一种常规的口腔外科手术，通常由于干槽症（牙槽骨炎）的发展而变得复杂。这项前瞻性观察性研究旨在调查干窝的患病率，并确定相关的风险因素和原因。有助于全面了解口腔外科手术的术后结果。方法本研究采用前瞻性观察性设计，随访12个月。计划进行第三磨牙拔除的18-40岁参与者包括在内，而那些有凝血功能障碍的人，孕妇或哺乳期妇女，维生素缺乏的患者，并排除使用影响愈合的药物的个体.数据收集涉及基线的全面评估，术中细节,以及术后48小时的评估，一个星期,还有两个星期.统计分析包括描述性统计，卡方检验,t检验,或者Mann-WhitneyU测试,和Logistic回归进行危险因素分析。结果共有238名具有不同人口统计学特征的参与者参加了这项研究。干窝的患病率从48小时的20.6％逐渐增加到拔除后两周的41.2％。吸烟,口腔卫生差，手术技术成为重要的危险因素，相应的比值比为6.41(95%CI：2.86-14.36，p<0.001)，9.53（95%CI：2.12-42.84，p=0.003），和3.27（95%CI：2.08-5.15，p<0.001），分别。疼痛强度,使用视觉模拟刻度测量，从提取后48小时到两周逐渐降低。结论这项研究为第三磨牙拔除后与干牙相关的患病率和危险因素提供了有价值的见解。吸烟,口腔卫生差，不良的手术技术被确定为重要的贡献者，强调术前咨询和有针对性干预的重要性。
