Abstract:
Although children display strong individual differences in emotion expression, they also engage in emotional synchrony or reciprocity with interaction partners. To understand this paradox between trait-like and dyadic influences, the goal of the current study was to investigate children\'s emotion expression using a Social Relations Model (SRM) approach. Playgroups consisting typically of four same-sex unfamiliar nine-year-old children (N = 202) interacted in a round-robin format (6 dyads per group). Each dyad completed two 5-minute tasks, a challenging frustration task and a cooperative planning task. Observers coded children\'s emotions during the tasks (happy, sad, angry, anxious, neutral) on a second-by-second basis. SRM analyses provided substantial evidence of both the trait-like nature of children\'s emotion expression (through significant effects for actor variance, multivariate actor-actor correlations, and multivariate intrapersonal correlations) and the dyadic nature of their emotion expression (through significant effects for partner variance, relationship variance, dyadic reciprocity correlations, and multivariate interpersonal correlations).
摘要:
尽管儿童在情感表达上表现出强烈的个体差异,他们还与互动伙伴进行情感同步或互惠。为了理解性状样影响和二元影响之间的悖论,本研究的目的是使用社会关系模型(SRM)方法调查儿童的情绪表达。通常由四个同性陌生的9岁儿童(N=202)组成的游戏组以循环形式(每组6个二元组)进行互动。每个二元完成两个5分钟的任务,具有挑战性的挫折任务和合作计划任务。观察者在任务中编码孩子的情绪(快乐,悲伤,生气,焦虑,中性)。SRM分析提供了儿童情绪表达的特质样性质的实质性证据(通过对演员方差的显著影响,多变量行动者-行动者相关性,和多变量内部相关性)及其情绪表达的二重性质(通过对伴侣方差的显著影响,关系方差,二进互惠相关,和多元人际相关性)。