PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Atmospheric pollutants in the air form acid rain which interacts with bronze surfaces exposed in urban outdoor environment. In this study, different types of patinas on bronze were investigated during and after 9 years of exposure to urban environment in moderately polluted continental city. Natural bronze patina and artificial brown sulphide, green chloride, and green-blue nitrate patinas were investigated. Visual assessment was carried out at defined periods. After 9 years of exposure, an electrochemical study was performed to investigate the electrochemical activity of the patinas in artificial urban rain. Additionally, the patinas were characterised using a variety of techniques, including metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray-photoelectron spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to analyse the surface morphology, chemical composition, and stratigraphic features of the patinas. Evolution of the patinas was shown to be a result of both, the composition of the acid rain and the hydrophobicity of the patinated surfaces.
摘要：
空气中的大气污染物形成酸雨，与暴露在城市室外环境中的青铜表面相互作用。在这项研究中,在中度污染的大陆城市暴露于城市环境9年期间和之后，对青铜上不同类型的铜绿进行了调查。天然青铜铜绿和人造棕色硫化物，绿色氯化物,并对蓝绿色硝酸盐进行了调查。在规定的时期进行视觉评估。经过9年的暴露，进行了电化学研究，以研究人造城市雨水中铜绿的电化学活性。此外,使用各种技术对铜绿进行了表征，包括金相检验,扫描电子显微镜/能量色散X射线光谱，拉曼光谱,X射线衍射分析,X射线光电子能谱,和飞行时间二次离子质谱分析表面形貌，化学成分,和铜绿的地层特征。铜绿的进化被证明是两者的结果，酸雨的组成和镀铬表面的疏水性。
