PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In addition to having a negative impact on the health of people and domestic animals, rodents often cause enormous damage to the environment by disrupting natural biodiversity. The negative impacts of rodents in urban and rural areas have required intensive use of rodentcides in spite of the proven risk of secondary poisoning of non-target predators and scavengers. Continuous and intensive use of rodenticides has led to environmental pollution through their retention in the environment. Commensal rodents are predominantly managed with anticoagulant rodenticides, which are very persistent in the environment and move up the food chain and accumulate in the bodies of predators and scavengers. Generally, the use of anticoagulant rodenticides continues, and there is a need to take appropriate measures to reduce their harmful impact. The efficacy of second generation anticoagulants (bromadiolone, difenacoum and brodifacoum), combined either mutually or with chlorophacinone at reduced doses (0.001 % and 0.0008 %), in controlling brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) was tested in a four-day no-choice feeding test. Combinations of second generation anticoagulants were more effective than the combination of chlorophacinone and second generation anticoagulants. The results indicate that combinations of different anticoagulants at multifold lower doses than the standard may provide a successful tool for brown rat control and a more environment-friendly method of rodent control and protection of non-target animals.
摘要：
除了对人类和家畜的健康产生负面影响外，啮齿动物经常通过破坏自然生物多样性对环境造成巨大破坏。尽管已证明存在非目标捕食者和食腐动物二次中毒的风险，但啮齿动物在城市和农村地区的负面影响仍需要大量使用杀鼠剂。灭鼠剂的持续和密集使用通过其在环境中的保留而导致环境污染。共生啮齿动物主要使用抗凝血灭鼠剂进行管理，它们在环境中非常持久，沿着食物链向上移动，并在捕食者和食腐动物的身体中积累。一般来说,抗凝血杀鼠剂的使用仍在继续，有必要采取适当措施减少其有害影响。第二代抗凝剂（溴敌隆，difenacoumandbrodifacoum),相互或与减少剂量的氯霉素酮联合（0.001％和0.0008％），在为期四天的无选择喂养测试中，对对照棕色大鼠（Rattusnorvegicus）进行了测试。第二代抗凝剂的组合比氯霉素酮和第二代抗凝剂的组合更有效。结果表明，与标准剂量相比低多倍的不同抗凝剂的组合可能为棕色大鼠的控制提供了成功的工具，并提供了一种更环保的啮齿动物控制和保护非目标动物的方法。
