Abstract：
The human oral cavity is colonized by a diverse microbial community, which includes both native and transient colonizers. The microbial composition is crucial for maintaining oral homeostasis, but due to overgrowth or imbalances of these microbial communities, dysbiosis can occur. There is a lack of understanding of the research of native and transient colonizers in the oral cavity of the Indian subpopulation Therefore, in our present study, we explored the role and prevalence of transient and native colonizers between healthy and comorbid oral diseased human individuals. Culture-dependent techniques and culture-independent 16S r DNA metagenomic analyses were employed to isolate and study the interactions of native and transient colonizers from human oral samples. Among the 66 human individuals of both healthy and comorbid individuals, the most abundant isolate was found to be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424. In addition, the more prevalent culturable isolate from the healthy samples was Streptococcus salivarius MTCC 13009, whereas in comorbid samples Staphylococcus pasteuri MTCC 13076, Rothia dentocariosa MTCC 13010 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 13077 were prevalent to a greater extent. 16S rDNA metagenomic analyses revealed the prevalence and abundance of genera such as Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in healthy individuals; consequently, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were observed mostly in comorbid individuals. The significant differences in bacterial population density were observed in terms of the Shannon index (p = 0.5145) and Simpson index (p = 0.9061) between the healthy and comorbid groups. B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 exhibits antagonistic behavior when grown as a dual-species with native and transient colonizers. This result is very consistent with the findings of antibiofilm studies using confocal laser scanning microscopy, which revealed a significant reduction in biofilm biovolume (73 %) and maximum thickness (80 %) and an increase in the rough coefficient of biofilms (30 %). Our data suggested that B. amyloliquefaciens MCC 4424 can be a native colonizer of Indian sub-populations. It may act as a novel candidate for oral healthcare applications and greatly aids in the regulation of transient species in the oral cavity.
摘要：
人类口腔被不同的微生物群落定植，其中包括天然和瞬时定殖者。微生物组成对于维持口腔稳态至关重要，但是由于这些微生物群落的过度生长或失衡，菌群失调可能发生。缺乏对印度亚群口腔中本地和瞬时定植者的研究的了解，因此，在我们目前的研究中，我们探讨了在健康和共患口腔疾病的人类个体之间短暂和本地定植者的作用和患病率。采用依赖于培养的技术和不依赖于培养的16SrDNA宏基因组分析来分离和研究人类口腔样品中天然和瞬时定植者的相互作用。在健康和合并症的66个人中，发现最丰富的分离物是解淀粉芽孢杆菌MCC4424。此外,健康样本中更普遍的可培养分离株是唾液链球菌MTCC13009,而在共病样本中,巴氏葡萄球菌MTCC13076,石头菌MTCC13010和铜绿假单胞菌MTCC13077的流行程度更大.16SrDNA宏基因组分析揭示了健康个体中拟杆菌和变形杆菌等属的患病率和丰度；因此，在合并症个体中主要观察到镰刀菌和Firmicutes。健康组和合并症组之间的Shannon指数（p=0.5145）和Simpson指数（p=0.9061）观察到细菌种群密度的显着差异。解淀粉芽孢杆菌MCC4424在作为具有天然和瞬时定植剂的双重物种生长时表现出拮抗行为。这一结果与使用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜的抗生物膜研究结果非常一致，这表明生物膜的生物体积（73％）和最大厚度（80％）显着减少，生物膜的粗糙系数（30％）增加。我们的数据表明，解淀粉芽孢杆菌MCC4424可能是印度亚群的本地定植者。它可以作为口腔保健应用的新型候选物,并且极大地有助于调节口腔中的瞬时物种。
