PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Biostimulants (Bio-effectors, BEs) comprise plant growth-promoting microorganisms and active natural substances that promote plant nutrient-acquisition, stress resilience, growth, crop quality and yield. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of BEs, particularly under field conditions, appears highly variable and poorly quantified. Using random model meta-analyses tools, we summarize the effects of 107 BE treatments on the performance of major crops, mainly conducted within the EU-funded project BIOFECTOR with a focus on phosphorus (P) nutrition, over five years. Our analyses comprised 94 controlled pot and 47 field experiments under different geoclimatic conditions, with variable stress levels across European countries and Israel. The results show an average growth/yield increase by 9.3% (n=945), with substantial differences between crops (tomato > maize > wheat) and growth conditions (controlled nursery + field (Seed germination and nursery under controlled conditions and young plants transplanted to the field) > controlled > field). Average crop growth responses were independent of BE type, P fertilizer type, soil pH and plant-available soil P (water-P, Olsen-P or Calcium acetate lactate-P). BE effectiveness profited from manure and other organic fertilizers, increasing soil pH and presence of abiotic stresses (cold, drought/heat or salinity). Systematic meta-studies based on published literature commonly face the inherent problem of publication bias where the most suspected form is the selective publication of statistically significant results. In this meta-analysis, however, the results obtained from all experiments within the project are included. Therefore, it is free of publication bias. In contrast to reviews of published literature, our unique study design is based on a common standardized protocol which applies to all experiments conducted within the project to reduce sources of variability. Based on data of crop growth, yield and P acquisition, we conclude that application of BEs can save fertilizer resources in the future, but the efficiency of BE application depends on cropping systems and environments.
摘要：
生物刺激剂（生物效应，BEs）包括促进植物生长的微生物和促进植物营养获取的活性天然物质，应力弹性，增长,作物质量和产量。不幸的是,BEs的有效性，特别是在野外条件下，似乎高度可变且量化不良。使用随机模型荟萃分析工具，我们总结了107个BE处理对主要作物性能的影响，主要在欧盟资助的项目BIOFECTOR中进行，重点是磷（P）营养，超过五年。我们的分析包括94个受控盆栽和47个不同地气候条件下的现场实验，欧洲国家和以色列的压力水平各不相同。结果表明，平均生长/产量增加了9.3%(n=945)，作物（番茄>玉米>小麦）和生长条件（受控苗圃+田间（受控条件下的种子发芽和苗圃以及移植到田间的幼苗）>受控>田间）之间存在实质性差异。平均作物生长响应与BE类型无关，磷肥种类,土壤pH值和植物有效土壤P(水P，Olsen-P或乳酸钙-P）。从粪肥和其他有机肥料中受益，增加土壤pH值和非生物胁迫的存在(寒冷，干旱/高温或盐度)。基于已发表文献的系统荟萃研究通常面临着出版偏倚的固有问题，其中最可疑的形式是选择性发表具有统计学意义的结果。在这个荟萃分析中，然而,包括从项目中的所有实验中获得的结果。因此,它没有出版偏见。与已发表文献的评论相反，我们独特的研究设计基于通用的标准化方案,该方案适用于项目内进行的所有实验,以减少变异性来源.根据作物生长数据，产量和P获取，我们得出的结论是，未来施用BEs可以节省肥料资源，但是BE应用的效率取决于裁剪系统和环境。
