Abstract：
Vascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, pose significant health threats with implications extending to neuropsychiatric disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer\'s disease. The Asian population, in particular, appears to be disproportionately affected due to unique genetic predispositions, as well as epigenetic factors such as dietary patterns and lifestyle habits. Existing management strategies often fall short of addressing these specific needs, leading to greater challenges in prevention and treatment. This review highlights a significant gap in our understanding of the impact of genetic screening in the early detection and tailored treatment of vascular risk factors among the Asian population. Apolipoprotein, a key player in cholesterol metabolism, is primarily associated with dyslipidemia, yet emerging evidence suggests its involvement in conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. While genetic variants of vascular risk are ethnic-dependent, current evidence indicates that epigenetics also exhibits ethnic specificity. Understanding the interplay between Apolipoprotein and genetics, particularly within diverse ethnic backgrounds, has the potential to refine risk stratification and enhance precision in management. For Caucasian carrying the APOA5 rs662799 C variant, pharmacological interventions are recommended, as dietary interventions may not be sufficient. In contrast, for Asian populations with the same genetic variant, dietary modifications are initially advised. Should dyslipidemia persist, the consideration of pharmaceutical agents such as statins is recommended.
摘要：
血管危险因素,包括糖尿病,高血压,高脂血症,肥胖，对健康构成重大威胁，并影响到神经精神疾病，如中风和阿尔茨海默病。亚洲人口,特别是,由于独特的遗传倾向，似乎受到不成比例的影响，以及表观遗传因素，如饮食习惯和生活习惯。现有的管理策略往往无法满足这些特定需求，在预防和治疗方面面临更大的挑战。这篇综述强调了我们对基因筛查在亚洲人群血管危险因素的早期检测和定制治疗中的影响的理解存在重大差距。载脂蛋白,胆固醇代谢的关键角色，主要与血脂异常有关，然而，新出现的证据表明它参与了糖尿病等疾病，高血压,和肥胖。虽然血管风险的遗传变异是种族依赖性的，目前的证据表明，表观遗传学也表现出种族特异性。了解载脂蛋白和遗传学之间的相互作用，特别是在不同的种族背景下，有可能细化风险分层并提高管理精度。对于携带APOA5rs662799C变体的高加索人，建议采取药物干预措施，因为饮食干预可能不够。相比之下,对于具有相同遗传变异的亚洲人群，最初建议调整饮食。如果血脂异常持续存在，建议考虑他汀类药物等药物。
