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Abstract：
Behavioral science has a long history of engaging in efforts to understand and address socially important issues. Poverty and inequities in health and development are among the most important and complex social issues facing the world today. With its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations (2015) has focused attention and guidance on addressing key global challenges, including to \"end poverty\" (SDG 1), \"ensure good health and well-being for all\" (SDG3), and \"reduce inequality within and among countries\" (SDG 10). In this paper, we provide a framework and illustrative examples of contributions of behavioral science to these issues. We feature illustrative behavioral interventions at the individual, relationship, community, and societal levels. We highlight the diversity of issues, intervention methods, and settings reflected in applications of behavioral science. By joining methods from behavioral science, public health, and other disciplines-and the experiential knowledge of those most affected by inequities-behavioral methods can make significant contributions to collaborative efforts to assure health and well-being for all.
摘要：
行为科学在努力理解和解决社会重要问题方面有着悠久的历史。贫穷和健康与发展方面的不平等是当今世界面临的最重要和最复杂的社会问题。可持续发展目标（SDG）联合国(2015年)将注意力和指导集中在应对关键的全球挑战上，包括“消除贫困”(SDG1)，“确保所有人的健康和福祉”(SDG3)，和“减少国家内部和国家之间的不平等”(可持续发展目标10)。在本文中,我们提供了行为科学对这些问题的贡献的框架和说明性示例。我们对个人进行了说明性的行为干预，关系,社区,和社会水平。我们强调问题的多样性，干预方法,以及行为科学应用中反映的设置。通过加入行为科学的方法，公共卫生,和其他学科-以及受不平等影响最大的人的经验知识-行为方法可以为确保所有人的健康和福祉的协作努力做出重大贡献。
