Abstract：
<br><b>Introduction:</b> The early detection and diagnosis of dementia are of key importance in treatment, slowing disease progression, or suppressing symptoms. The possible role of changes in the sense of smell is considered with regard to potential markers for early detection of Alzheimer\'s disease (AD).</br> <br><b>Materials and methods:</b> A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science between May 30, 2022 and August 2, 2022. The term \"dementia\" was searched with keyword combinations related to olfaction.</br> <br><b>Results:</b> A total of 1,288 records were identified through the database search. Of these articles, 49 were ultimately included in the analysis. The results showed the potential role of changes in the sense of smell as potential biomarkers for early detection of AD. Multiple studies have shown that olfactory impairment may be observed in patients with AD, PD, MCI, or other types of dementia. Even though smell tests are able to detect olfactory loss caused by neurodegenerative diseases, they cannot reliably distinguish between certain diseases.</br> <br><b>Conclusions:</b> In individuals with cognitive impairment or neurodegenerative diseases, olfactory assessment has repeatedly been reported to be used for early diagnosis, but not for differential diagnosis.</br>.
摘要：
<br><b>简介:</b>痴呆的早期发现和诊断在治疗中至关重要,减缓疾病进展，或抑制症状。关于早期检测阿尔茨海默病（AD）的潜在标志物，考虑了嗅觉变化的可能作用。</br><br><b>材料和方法：</b>使用电子数据库PubMed进行了文献检索，Scopus,和WebofScience在2022年5月30日至2022年8月2日之间。使用与嗅觉相关的关键字组合搜索术语“痴呆”。</br><br><b>结果：</b>通过数据库搜索共识别出1,288条记录。在这些文章中,49人最终被包括在分析中。结果显示嗅觉变化作为早期检测AD的潜在生物标志物的潜在作用。多项研究表明，AD患者可能会出现嗅觉障碍，PD,MCI或其他类型的痴呆症。即使嗅觉测试能够检测神经退行性疾病引起的嗅觉丧失，他们不能可靠地区分某些疾病。</br><br><b>结论：嗅觉评估一再被报道用于早期诊断，但不是为了鉴别诊断.</br>.
