Abstract：
Tea (Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Kuntze) is cultivated as a beverage crop. Despite being a hardy perennial, the tea plant is susceptible to various biotic stresses. Among them, the foliar disease blister blight (BB) is considered the most serious threat to the tea industry, particularly in Asia. BB caused by Exobasidium vexans (Basidiomycetes) was first reported from Northern India in 1868 and gradually established in other tea-growing countries. The fungus E. vexans attacks young harvestable shoots and causes 20 to 50% crop loss. Over the past 150 years, scientific research has delved into various aspects of BB disease, including pathogen biology, disease cycle, epidemiology, disease forecasting, crop loss assessment, and disease management strategies. In a recent shift in research focus, scientists have begun to investigate the resistance mechanisms of tea plants against BB and apply this knowledge to commercial tea cultivation. Although progress has been significant in understanding the fundamental aspects of BB resistance, the detailed molecular mechanisms driving this resistance remain under investigation. This paper focuses on the current understanding of defense mechanisms employed by tea plants against E. vexans and, conversely, how E. vexans overcomes these defenses. Furthermore, we discuss the application of plant resistance strategies in commercial tea cultivation. Lastly, we identify existing research gaps and propose future research directions in the field.
摘要：
茶（山茶（L.）O.Kuntze）是作为饮料作物种植的。尽管是一个耐寒的常年，茶树易受各种生物胁迫的影响。其中,叶面病,泡状疫病(BB)被认为是茶产业最严重的威胁，特别是在亚洲。1868年，印度北部首次报道了由维克斯（Basidiomycetes）引起的水泡枯病，并在其他茶叶种植国家逐渐建立。真菌E.vexans攻击可收获的幼芽，并导致20-50％的作物损失。在过去的150年里,科学研究已经深入到BB病的各个方面，包括病原体生物学，疾病周期,流行病学,疾病预测,作物损失评估，和疾病管理策略。在最近研究重点的转变中，科学家已经开始研究茶树对BB的抗性机制，并将这些知识应用于商业茶叶种植。虽然在理解BB抗性的基本方面取得了重要进展，驱动这种抗性的详细分子机制仍在研究中。本文着重于茶树对E.vexans防御机制的当前理解，反过来,E.vexans如何克服这些防御。此外，我们讨论了植物抗性策略在商业茶叶种植中的应用。最后,我们指出了该领域存在的研究空白，并提出了该领域未来的研究方向。
