Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Endometritis is a common condition in mares that causes significant economic loss. Lacking obvious clinical signs, the clinical diagnosis of endometritis in mares relies on case-by-case clinical examinations, which can be particularly inefficient in large-scale farms. Therefore, the identification of potential biomarkers can serve as a non-invasive and efficient screening technique for endometritis in mares.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the blood proteome between fertile mares and mares with endometritis to identify biomarkers potentially associated with the development of endometritis and validate their predictive potential.
METHODS: Observational and experimental study.
METHODS: Differentially expressed proteins were identified via Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) proteomic profiling in a screening cohort composed of eight healthy mares and eight mares with endometritis. Subsequently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed that included a validation cohort of 40 healthy mares and 40 mares with endometritis to verify the accuracy and sensitivity of the identified proteins, thereby establishing a diagnostic threshold.
RESULTS: In the screening cohort, 12 proteins were significantly differentially expressed between endometritis mares and healthy controls (p < 0.05, outside the 1/1.2 to 1.2-fold). In the validation experiment, all six screened proteins were assessed with area under the curve (AUC) >0.8.
CONCLUSIONS: The samples displayed certain levels of individual heterogeneity, and the number of samples analysed was limited. Additionally, the identified biomarkers were primarily associated with generalised inflammation, which potentially limited their specificity for endometritis.
CONCLUSIONS: Levels of plasma proteins are sensitive indicators of equine endometritis and potential tools for endometritis screening. In plasma, fetuin B, von Willebrand factor, vitamin K-dependent protein C, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein, and type II cell cytoskeleton showed great predictive ability, with fetuin B being the best predictor (AUC = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98), which performs better when combined with all six detected proteins (AUC = 1, 95% CI: 0.99-1.00).
OBJECTIVE: To compare the blood proteome between fertile mares and mares with endometritis to identify biomarkers potentially associated with the development of endometritis and validate their predictive potential.
METHODS: Observational and experimental study.
METHODS: Differentially expressed proteins were identified via Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) proteomic profiling in a screening cohort composed of eight healthy mares and eight mares with endometritis. Subsequently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed that included a validation cohort of 40 healthy mares and 40 mares with endometritis to verify the accuracy and sensitivity of the identified proteins, thereby establishing a diagnostic threshold.
RESULTS: In the screening cohort, 12 proteins were significantly differentially expressed between endometritis mares and healthy controls (p < 0.05, outside the 1/1.2 to 1.2-fold). In the validation experiment, all six screened proteins were assessed with area under the curve (AUC) >0.8.
CONCLUSIONS: The samples displayed certain levels of individual heterogeneity, and the number of samples analysed was limited. Additionally, the identified biomarkers were primarily associated with generalised inflammation, which potentially limited their specificity for endometritis.
CONCLUSIONS: Levels of plasma proteins are sensitive indicators of equine endometritis and potential tools for endometritis screening. In plasma, fetuin B, von Willebrand factor, vitamin K-dependent protein C, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein, and type II cell cytoskeleton showed great predictive ability, with fetuin B being the best predictor (AUC = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98), which performs better when combined with all six detected proteins (AUC = 1, 95% CI: 0.99-1.00).
摘要：
背景：子宫内膜炎是母马的常见病，会造成重大的经济损失。缺乏明显的临床症状,母马子宫内膜炎的临床诊断依赖于逐例临床检查，这在大型农场中效率特别低。因此,潜在生物标志物的鉴定可以作为一种非侵入性和有效的筛查技术来筛查母马子宫内膜炎.
目的：比较能育母马和患有子宫内膜炎的母马之间的血液蛋白质组，以确定可能与子宫内膜炎发展相关的生物标志物，并验证其预测潜力。
方法：观察和实验研究。
方法：在由8只健康母马和8只患有子宫内膜炎的母马组成的筛选队列中，通过数据独立采集（DIA）蛋白质组学分析鉴定差异表达的蛋白质。随后，采用酶联免疫吸附试验，包括40只健康母马和40只患有子宫内膜炎的母马的验证队列，以验证所鉴定蛋白质的准确性和敏感性，从而建立诊断阈值。
结果：在筛查队列中，12种蛋白质在子宫内膜炎母马和健康对照之间的表达显着差异（p<0.05，在1/1.2至1.2倍之外）。在验证实验中，评估所有6种筛选的蛋白质,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.8.
结论：样本显示出一定程度的个体异质性，分析的样本数量有限。此外,确定的生物标志物主要与全身性炎症相关，这可能限制了它们对子宫内膜炎的特异性。
结论：血浆蛋白水平是马子宫内膜炎的敏感指标，也是子宫内膜炎筛查的潜在工具。在等离子体中，胎球蛋白B,vonWillebrand因子,维生素K依赖性蛋白C,胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3,白细胞介素1受体辅助蛋白,II型细胞骨架表现出很强的预测能力，胎球蛋白B是最佳预测因子(AUC=0.93，95%CI：0.89-0.98)，当与所有六种检测到的蛋白质组合时表现更好(AUC=1,95%CI:0.99-1.00)。
目的：比较能育母马和患有子宫内膜炎的母马之间的血液蛋白质组，以确定可能与子宫内膜炎发展相关的生物标志物，并验证其预测潜力。
方法：观察和实验研究。
方法：在由8只健康母马和8只患有子宫内膜炎的母马组成的筛选队列中，通过数据独立采集（DIA）蛋白质组学分析鉴定差异表达的蛋白质。随后，采用酶联免疫吸附试验，包括40只健康母马和40只患有子宫内膜炎的母马的验证队列，以验证所鉴定蛋白质的准确性和敏感性，从而建立诊断阈值。
结果：在筛查队列中，12种蛋白质在子宫内膜炎母马和健康对照之间的表达显着差异（p<0.05，在1/1.2至1.2倍之外）。在验证实验中，评估所有6种筛选的蛋白质,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.8.
结论：样本显示出一定程度的个体异质性，分析的样本数量有限。此外,确定的生物标志物主要与全身性炎症相关，这可能限制了它们对子宫内膜炎的特异性。
结论：血浆蛋白水平是马子宫内膜炎的敏感指标，也是子宫内膜炎筛查的潜在工具。在等离子体中，胎球蛋白B,vonWillebrand因子,维生素K依赖性蛋白C,胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3,白细胞介素1受体辅助蛋白,II型细胞骨架表现出很强的预测能力，胎球蛋白B是最佳预测因子(AUC=0.93，95%CI：0.89-0.98)，当与所有六种检测到的蛋白质组合时表现更好(AUC=1,95%CI:0.99-1.00)。
