PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Varicoceles are a common cause of male infertility, affecting up to 35% of men undergoing fertility evaluations. This study aims to investigate the potential influence of altitude and residence time on the occurrence of varicoceles, as well as on sperm quality and sterility in plateau areas. A total of 168 patients with varicocele were enrolled in the study, and the study population was divided into groups based on their direct exposure to different high altitudes due to their living locations. The internal diameter in Quiet breath (Dr), internal diameter in Valsalva maneuver (Dv), reflux peak value, and reflux time are gradually increased accompanied with altitude elevation and residence time extension. The number of cases above 4,500 m also increased with the severity of varicocele, and the altitude of clinical types was higher than that of subclinical types of varicocele. Especially above 4,500 m, the Dv, Dr, reflux peak value, and reflux time all increased with the severity of varicocele. The severity of varicocele was positively correlated with the residence time in plateau area. Patients with residence time of more than 1 year had higher values of Dr, Dv, differentiation time, reflux peak value, and reflux time than those with residence time of less than 1 year. Compared to 3,650 m, patients with varicocele in 4,500 m also have worse semen quality. Both altitude and residence time are strongly positively related to the severity and incidence rate of varicocele in plateau areas.
摘要：
精索静脉曲张是男性不育的常见原因,影响了高达35%接受生育评估的男性。本研究旨在探讨海拔和停留时间对精索静脉曲张发生的潜在影响。以及高原地区的精子质量和不育。共有168例精索静脉曲张患者被纳入研究，研究人群根据其居住地点直接暴露于不同的高海拔地区而分为几组。安静呼吸中的内径(Dr)，Valsalva机动内径(Dv),回流峰值,随着海拔升高和停留时间的延长，回流时间逐渐增加。4,500m以上的病例数也随着精索静脉曲张的严重程度而增加，临床类型的高度高于亚临床类型的精索静脉曲张。特别是在4,500米以上，dv,博士，回流峰值,返流时间均随精索静脉曲张严重程度的增加而增加。精索静脉曲张的严重程度与高原地区的停留时间呈正相关。停留时间超过1年的患者有更高的Dr值，Dv,分化时间,回流峰值,和回流时间少于1年的停留时间。与3650米相比，4,500m精索静脉曲张患者的精液质量也较差。海拔和停留时间均与高原地区精索静脉曲张的严重程度和发病率呈正相关。
