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Abstract：
Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an arthropod-borne virus that emerged recently in northwestern Europe in 2011 that affects domestic and wild ruminants and induces abortion, stillbirth, and newborns with congenital anomalies. Since its discovery, SBV has spread very rapidly to too many countries in the world. The overall serological investigation of SBV is needed to improve modeling predictions and assess the overall impact on ruminant animals, which helps to design interventions for control and prevention strategies. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the overall serological assay of SBV in both domestic and wild ruminants around the world. This systematic review was conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. International databases were employed To search for relevant articles. The pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval was calculated with a random effects model. The Cochran\'s Q test, τ2, and I2 were used to assess the sources of heterogeneity. In the current meta-analysis, a total of 41 articles were included. The overall pooled proportion of SBV in domestic and wild ruminants was 49 and 26%, respectively. Substantial heterogeneity was observed in studies on domestic ruminants (I2 = 99.7%; p < 0.01) and studies on wild ruminants (I2 = 97.9%; p < 0.01). The pooled prevalence of SBV was significantly associated with publication time, detection techniques, and species of animals. According to the subgroup analysis, the highest pooled prevalence of SBV was reported in cattle (59%), followed by sheep (37%) and goat (18%). In addition to the subgroup analysis based on publication year, the pooled prevalence of SBV infection has become endemic since 2013 (49%) among domestic animals in the world. Of the diagnostic tests used, the highest anti-SBV antibodies (66%) were detected by a virus neutralization test. In this meta-analysis, the major wild animals that were infected by SBV were red deer, roe deer, fallow deer, mouflon, and wild boar. The highest sub-pooled prevalence of SBV was found in roe deer (46%), followed by fallow deer (30%), red deer (27%), mouflon (22%), and wild boar (11%). In general, the prevalence of SBV was high in cattle among domestic ruminants and in roe deer among wild animals. According to the current information provided by this meta-analysis, evidence-based risk management measures should be established to restrict SBV spread in both domestic and wild ruminants.
摘要：
Schmallenberg病毒（SBV）是一种节肢动物传播的病毒，于2011年在欧洲西北部出现，影响家畜和野生反刍动物并引起流产，死产,和有先天性异常的新生儿.自从它被发现,SBV已经迅速传播到世界上太多的国家。需要对SBV进行整体血清学调查，以改善模型预测并评估对反刍动物的整体影响。这有助于设计控制和预防策略的干预措施。因此，这项研究旨在评估全球国内和野生反刍动物中SBV的整体血清学测定。本系统评价是根据系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目进行的。使用国际数据库来搜索相关文章。使用随机效应模型计算具有95%置信区间的合并患病率。Cochran的Q测试,τ2和I2用于评估异质性的来源。在目前的荟萃分析中，共包括41篇文章。国内和野生反刍动物中SBV的总合并比例为49％和26％，分别。在家养反刍动物的研究（I2=99.7％；p<0.01）和野生反刍动物的研究（I2=97.9％；p<0.01）中观察到了很大的异质性。SBV的合并患病率与发表时间显着相关，检测技术，和动物的种类。根据亚组分析,据报道，SBV的合并患病率最高的是牛(59%)，其次是绵羊(37%)和山羊(18%)。除了基于出版年份的分组分析之外，自2013年以来,全球家畜中SBV感染的合并流行率已成为地方性流行(49%).在使用的诊断测试中，通过病毒中和试验检测出最高的抗SBV抗体(66%).在这个荟萃分析中，被SBV感染的主要野生动物是马鹿，鹿,休养鹿,Mouflon,还有野猪.SBV的亚合并患病率最高的是在ro中（46％），其次是休养鹿(30%)，马鹿(27%),mouflon(22%),和野猪(11%)。总的来说,家畜反刍动物中的牛和野生动物中的er中的SBV患病率很高。根据本荟萃分析提供的当前信息，应建立基于证据的风险管理措施，以限制SBV在家畜和野生反刍动物中的传播。
