Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dietary quality of the rural elderly aged 65 years and above.
METHODS: In February-March 2023, a convenience sampling method was adopted to select 454 rural elderly aged 65 years and above in a township of Luzhou City. The dietary survey was conducted using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ-25), and the questionnaire information was collected by face-to-face interviews. Dietary quality was evaluated using the Dietary Balance Index-16(DBI-16) score.
RESULTS: The proportion of older people in the region with moderate and high dietary imbalances was 79.7%. Inadequate and excessive dietary intake coexisted. The average daily intake of cereals and potatoes and livestock and meat foods were 356.7 g and 76.2 g, exceeding the recommended intake. The average daily intake of fruit, milk and fish and shrimp intake was 22.8 g, 36 g and 3.7 g, respectively, which was only 10% of the recommended amount, and the intake was seriously insufficient. In addition, the degree of food diversity is relatively low, with most of the average daily intake of food types ranging from five to eight, and only 4.6% of the elderly having more than eight. A total of seven dietary patterns were found among the rural elderly in the region, including a certain degree of under-consumption pattern, a severe under-consumption pattern, a certain degree of over-consumption pattern, and a pattern of both under-consumption and over-consumption. That was dominated by the pattern of severe underconsumption and the pattern of some degree of underconsumption and higher degree of overconsumption, which accounted for 72.3% of the total.
CONCLUSIONS: The rural elderly aged 65 years and above in Luzhou City have a serious dietary imbalance, with a high proportion of insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits and milk, as well as aquatic products and eggs; and excessive intake of livestock, poultry, meat and cereals and potatoes.
METHODS: In February-March 2023, a convenience sampling method was adopted to select 454 rural elderly aged 65 years and above in a township of Luzhou City. The dietary survey was conducted using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(FFQ-25), and the questionnaire information was collected by face-to-face interviews. Dietary quality was evaluated using the Dietary Balance Index-16(DBI-16) score.
RESULTS: The proportion of older people in the region with moderate and high dietary imbalances was 79.7%. Inadequate and excessive dietary intake coexisted. The average daily intake of cereals and potatoes and livestock and meat foods were 356.7 g and 76.2 g, exceeding the recommended intake. The average daily intake of fruit, milk and fish and shrimp intake was 22.8 g, 36 g and 3.7 g, respectively, which was only 10% of the recommended amount, and the intake was seriously insufficient. In addition, the degree of food diversity is relatively low, with most of the average daily intake of food types ranging from five to eight, and only 4.6% of the elderly having more than eight. A total of seven dietary patterns were found among the rural elderly in the region, including a certain degree of under-consumption pattern, a severe under-consumption pattern, a certain degree of over-consumption pattern, and a pattern of both under-consumption and over-consumption. That was dominated by the pattern of severe underconsumption and the pattern of some degree of underconsumption and higher degree of overconsumption, which accounted for 72.3% of the total.
CONCLUSIONS: The rural elderly aged 65 years and above in Luzhou City have a serious dietary imbalance, with a high proportion of insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits and milk, as well as aquatic products and eggs; and excessive intake of livestock, poultry, meat and cereals and potatoes.
摘要：
目的：评价65岁及以上农村老年人的膳食质量。
方法：2023年2-3月，采用便利抽样法，在泸州市某乡抽取454名65岁及以上农村老年人。饮食调查使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ-25）进行，并通过面对面访谈收集问卷信息。使用膳食平衡指数-16(DBI-16)评分评价膳食质量。
结果：该地区中、高膳食失衡的老年人比例为79.7%。膳食摄入不足和过量并存。谷类,马铃薯,畜肉食品的平均日摄取量分别为356.7克和76.2克,超过建议的摄入量。水果的平均每日摄入量，牛奶和鱼虾的摄入量为22.8克，36克和3.7克，分别,只有推荐量的10%，摄入量严重不足。此外,食物多样性的程度相对较低，大多数食物的平均每日摄入量从五到八种不等，只有4.6%的老年人有8岁以上。区内农村老人共发现七种膳食模式,包括一定程度的消费不足，严重的消费不足模式，一定程度的过度消费模式，以及消费不足和过度消费的模式。这主要是由严重消费不足的模式和某种程度的消费不足和更高程度的过度消费的模式所主导，占总数的72.3%。
结论：泸州市65岁及以上农村老年人膳食失衡严重，蔬菜摄入不足的比例很高，水果和牛奶,以及水产品和鸡蛋；和过量摄入牲畜，家禽,肉和谷物和土豆。
方法：2023年2-3月，采用便利抽样法，在泸州市某乡抽取454名65岁及以上农村老年人。饮食调查使用半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ-25）进行，并通过面对面访谈收集问卷信息。使用膳食平衡指数-16(DBI-16)评分评价膳食质量。
结果：该地区中、高膳食失衡的老年人比例为79.7%。膳食摄入不足和过量并存。谷类,马铃薯,畜肉食品的平均日摄取量分别为356.7克和76.2克,超过建议的摄入量。水果的平均每日摄入量，牛奶和鱼虾的摄入量为22.8克，36克和3.7克，分别,只有推荐量的10%，摄入量严重不足。此外,食物多样性的程度相对较低，大多数食物的平均每日摄入量从五到八种不等，只有4.6%的老年人有8岁以上。区内农村老人共发现七种膳食模式,包括一定程度的消费不足，严重的消费不足模式，一定程度的过度消费模式，以及消费不足和过度消费的模式。这主要是由严重消费不足的模式和某种程度的消费不足和更高程度的过度消费的模式所主导，占总数的72.3%。
结论：泸州市65岁及以上农村老年人膳食失衡严重，蔬菜摄入不足的比例很高，水果和牛奶,以及水产品和鸡蛋；和过量摄入牲畜，家禽,肉和谷物和土豆。
