Abstract：
Attentional control theory suggests that test anxiety hinders individuals\' attentional control, aiding our understanding of how test anxiety may impair cognitive function. However, various methods used to assess attentional control have yielded inconsistent findings. Moreover, past studies, especially on adolescents, that examine the distinct impacts of worry and the emotional components of test anxiety on individuals\' attentional control capacity are scarce. This study, using self-report, behavioral, and resting-state EEG measures, explores how worry and emotionality, impact attentional control in adolescents. It enhances our understanding of the link between test anxiety and cognitive function. Referring to the effect size from prior studies, a total of 42 adolescents took part in the study. We used the Test Anxiety Inventory, due to it can assess worry and emotionality components. We employed three widely-utilized measures of attentional control: the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), the Go/Nogo task, and resting-state electroencephalography measures (alpha oscillation and the theta/beta power ratio). Both worry and emotionality components were significantly and negatively correlated with the ACS scores. Unlike worry, emotionality demonstrated a significant positive correlation with response times for the Go trials and alpha power in the parietal cortex. These results suggest that, emotionality, but not worry, is highly correlated with attentional control deficits in adolescents. This study underscores the significance of distinguishing between the components of test anxiety, which aids in comprehending the negative impacts of test anxiety on adolescents\' academic performance.
摘要：
注意控制理论表明，考试焦虑阻碍了个体的注意控制，帮助我们理解考试焦虑如何损害认知功能。然而,用于评估注意力控制的各种方法得出的结论不一致.此外，过去的研究，尤其是青少年，研究焦虑和考试焦虑对个体注意力控制能力的不同影响的研究很少。这项研究,使用自我报告，行为，和静息状态脑电图测量，探索忧虑和情感，影响青少年的注意控制。它增强了我们对考试焦虑和认知功能之间联系的理解。参考先前研究的效应大小，共有42名青少年参加了这项研究.我们使用了测试焦虑量表，由于它可以评估担忧和情绪成分。我们采用了三种广泛使用的注意控制措施：注意控制量表(ACS)，Go/Nogo任务，和静息状态脑电图测量（α振荡和θ/β功率比）。担忧和情绪成分均与ACS评分显着负相关。不像担心,情绪表现出与Go试验的响应时间和顶叶皮层的α功率显着正相关。这些结果表明,情感，但不用担心,与青少年注意力控制缺陷高度相关。这项研究强调了区分考试焦虑成分的重要性，这有助于理解考试焦虑对青少年学业成绩的负面影响。
