Abstract：
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a beta-herpes virus, is the most common viral infection in infants. Transmission may occur congenitally (cCMV) or postnatally (pCMV). Early detection and intervention are crucial in reducing morbidities, notable developmental delays, and sensorineural hearing loss. However, more than 90% of infants are asymptomatic at birth. Treatment involves intravenous ganciclovir or the oral prodrug, valganciclovir, drugs usually reserved for use with symptomatic infants because of the toxicity profile. Research currently supports standardized antenatal CMV screening and treatment of affected pregnant patients with hyperimmune globulin as well as vaccination against CMV in unaffected pregnant patients, although widespread adoption is lacking. Standardized postnatal CMV screening is a proven, cost-effective way to detect and diagnose CMV and optimize outcomes across the lifespan. This article presents a case series of cCMV and pCMV and a review of the state of science of CMV as well as promising scientific advances that are on the horizon.
摘要：
巨细胞病毒(CMV),β-疱疹病毒,是婴儿中最常见的病毒感染。传播可以发生在先天性(cCMV)或出生后(pCMV)。早期发现和干预对于减少发病率至关重要，显著的发育迟缓,和感觉神经性听力损失。然而,超过90%的婴儿在出生时无症状。治疗包括静脉注射更昔洛韦或口服前药，伐更昔洛韦,由于毒性特征，通常保留用于有症状的婴儿的药物。目前的研究支持对受影响的孕妇进行标准化的产前CMV筛查和治疗，并对未受影响的孕妇进行CMV疫苗接种，虽然缺乏广泛的采用。标准化的出生后CMV筛查已被证明，经济有效的方法来检测和诊断CMV并优化整个生命周期的结果。本文介绍了cCMV和pCMV的一系列案例，并回顾了CMV的科学状况以及即将出现的有希望的科学进展。
