Abstract：
The effects of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents on chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not fully known. This study sought to examine the association between long-term exposure to major PM2.5 constituents and CKD and look for potential constituents contributing substantially to CKD. This study included 81,137 adults from the 2018 to 2019 baseline survey of China Multi-Ethnic Cohort. CKD was defined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate. Exposure concentration data of 7 major PM2.5 constituents were assessed by satellite remote sensing. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of each PM2.5 constituent exposure on CKD. The weighted quantile sum regression was used to estimate the effect of mixed exposure to all constituents. PM2.5 constituents had positive correlations with CKD (per standard deviation increase), with ORs (95% CIs) of 1.20 (1.02-1.41) for black carbon, 1.27 (1.07-1.51) for ammonium, 1.29 (1.08-1.55) for nitrate, 1.20 (1.01-1.43) for organic matter, 1.25 (1.06-1.46) for sulfate, 1.30 (1.11-1.54) for soil particles, and 1.63 (1.39-1.91) for sea salt. Mixed exposure to all constituents was positively associated with CKD (1.68, 1.32-2.11). Sea salt was the constituent with the largest weight (0.36), which suggested its importance in the PM2.5-CKD association, followed by nitrate (0.32), organic matter (0.18), soil particles (0.10), ammonium (0.03), BC (0.01). Sulfate had the least weight (< 0.01). Long-term exposure to PM2.5 sea salt and nitrate may contribute more than other constituents in increasing CKD risk, providing new evidence and insights for PM2.5-CKD mechanism research and air pollution control strategy.
摘要：
长期暴露于细颗粒物（PM2.5）成分对慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的影响尚不完全清楚。这项研究旨在研究长期暴露于主要PM2.5成分与CKD之间的关联，并寻找对CKD有实质性贡献的潜在成分。这项研究包括2018年至2019年中国多民族队列基线调查的81,137名成年人。CKD由估计的肾小球滤过率定义。通过卫星遥感评估了7种主要PM2.5成分的暴露浓度数据。采用Logistic回归模型评估PM2.5各成分暴露对CKD的影响。加权分位数和回归用于估计混合暴露于所有成分的影响。PM2.5成分与CKD呈正相关(标准差增加)，炭黑的OR（95%CIs）为1.20（1.02-1.41），1.27（1.07-1.51）铵，1.29(1.08-1.55)硝酸盐，有机质1.20(1.01-1.43)，硫酸盐为1.25(1.06-1.46)，1.30(1.11-1.54)对于土壤颗粒，海盐为1.63（1.39-1.91）。所有成分的混合暴露与CKD呈正相关（1.68，1.32-2.11）。海盐是重量最大的成分（0.36），这表明了它在PM2.5-CKD关联中的重要性，其次是硝酸盐(0.32)，有机质（0.18），土壤颗粒（0.10），铵（0.03），BC（0.01）。硫酸盐的重量最小(<0.01)。长期接触PM2.5海盐和硝酸盐可能比其他成分更有助于增加CKD风险，为PM2.5-CKD机制研究和空气污染控制策略提供新的证据和见解。
