PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Human genital papilloma virus infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the world. It is estimated that more than 75% of sexually active women contract this infection in their lifetime. In 80% of young women, there is the clearance of the virus within 18-24 months. In developed countries, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is now the most frequent human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cancer, having surpassed cervical cancer, and it is predicted that by 2030 most squamous cell carcinomas will be the HPV-related rather than non-HPV-related form. However, there are currently no screening programs for oral cavity infection. While the natural history of HPV infection in the cervix is well known, in the oropharynx, it is not entirely clear. Furthermore, the prevalence of HPV in the oropharynx is unknown. Published studies have found wide-ranging prevalence estimates of 2.6% to 50%. There are also conflicting results regarding the percentage of women presenting the same type of HPV at two mucosal sites, ranging from 0 to 60%. Additionally, the question arises as to whether oral infection can develop from genital HPV infection, through oral and genital contact or by self-inoculation, or whether it should be considered an independent event. However, there is still no consensus on these topics, nor on the relationship between genital and oral HPV infections. Therefore, this literature review aims to evaluate whether there is evidence of a connection between oral and cervical HPV, while also endorsing the usefulness of the screening of oral infection in patients with high-risk cervical HPV as a means of facilitating the diagnosis and early management of HPV-related oral lesions. Finally, this review emphasizes the recommendation for the use of the HPV vaccines in primary prevention in the male and female population as the most effective means of successfully counteracting the increasing incidence of OSCC to date.
摘要：
人类生殖器乳头状瘤病毒感染是世界上最常见的性传播感染。据估计，超过75％的性活跃妇女在其一生中感染这种感染。在80％的年轻女性中，病毒在18-24个月内清除。在发达国家,口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是目前最常见的人类乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）相关癌症，超过了宫颈癌，据预测，到2030年，大多数鳞状细胞癌将是HPV相关的而不是非HPV相关的形式。然而,目前没有口腔感染的筛查计划。虽然宫颈HPV感染的自然史是众所周知的，在口咽，还不完全清楚。此外，口咽部HPV的患病率未知.已发表的研究发现，广泛的患病率估计为2.6％至50％。关于在两个粘膜部位出现相同类型HPV的女性百分比也存在矛盾的结果。从0到60%不等。此外,问题是口腔感染是否可以从生殖器HPV感染发展，通过口腔和生殖器接触或自我接种，或是否应将其视为独立事件。然而,在这些主题上仍然没有达成共识，生殖器和口腔HPV感染之间的关系也是如此。因此,这篇文献综述旨在评估口腔和宫颈HPV之间是否有联系的证据，同时也支持在高危宫颈HPV患者中筛查口腔感染作为促进HPV相关口腔病变诊断和早期管理的一种手段的有用性。最后,这篇综述强调了在男性和女性人群的一级预防中使用HPV疫苗的建议,这是迄今为止成功抵消OSCC发病率增加的最有效手段.
