METHODS: A case-control study was conducted by recruiting all 110 cases of nationally notified EPTB (Extrapulmonary bacteriologically confirmed/EPBC) as cases and 235 Pulmonary TB (Pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed/PBC) as controls. Data were collected on socio-demography, clinical and diagnostic, behavioral and lifestyle and environmental exposures using a structured questionnaire between April and September, 2018.
RESULTS: The median age of the cases was 25 years, ranged 9-79 years. Lymphatic TB was predominant (n = 78; 70.91%) followed by genitourinary TB (n = 4 (3.64%). The likelihood of EPTB decreased with increase in age (p = 0.023). The odds of EPTB in females was 1.65 times higher than the males (p = 0.038). Increase in Body Mass Index (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.052-1.200) and urban residency were (AOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.016-2.805) were found to have higher odds of developing EPTB.
CONCLUSIONS: Females, urban residents, and those with higher BMI are at increased risk of developing EPTB. These at-risk groups can be used to target limited public health resources to control EPTB in Bhutan.
方法:采用病例对照研究方法,招募全部110例国家通报的EPTB(肺外细菌学证实/EPBC)病例,235例肺结核病(肺内细菌学证实/PBC)病例作为对照。收集了社会人口数据,临床和诊断,在4月至9月之间使用结构化问卷进行行为和生活方式以及环境暴露,2018.
结果:病例的中位年龄为25岁,9-79岁。淋巴结核占主导地位(n=78;70.91%),其次是泌尿生殖系统结核(n=4(3.64%))。EPTB的可能性随着年龄的增加而降低(p=0.023)。女性发生EPTB的几率是男性的1.65倍(p=0.038)。发现身体质量指数(调整后比值比(AOR):1.1;95%置信区间(CI):1.052-1.200)和城市居住者(AOR1.6;95%CI1.016-2.805)具有较高的发生EPTB的几率。
结论:女性,城市居民,而那些BMI较高的人患EPTB的风险增加。这些高危人群可用于针对有限的公共卫生资源,以控制不丹的EPTB。