Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Circumcision is a surgical operation that is frequently performed throughout the world due to religious, cultural, and medical reasons. The best age for circumcision is still debatable, with different procedures depending on geography, culture, and surgeon preference.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to immunohistochemical examination using S100 staining and histologically evaluate the neurovascular structures in foreskin samples obtained from children aged 0-3 years and 6-11 years. The goal is to provide guidance in determining an appropriate age for circumcision based on these data.
METHODS: Concerns regarding potential effects on glans sensitivity and sexual function led to the investigation and comparison of sensory innervation in the foreskin of children aged 0-3 and 6-11 years, a total 54 samples, divided into pre-phallic (0-3 years) and post-phallic (6-11 years) groups, were examined. The mean number of Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini endings, free nerve endings and the diameters of arteries were investigated.
RESULTS: Our findings show that compared to the 6-11 age group, the 0-3 age group had considerably lower sensory innervation in terms of, Meissner\'s corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini endings and free nerve endings. Additionally, the diameter of arteries was noticeably smaller in the 0-3 age group.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study supports the idea that circumcision performed in the early years of life may be associated with less adverse effects on neurovascular structures.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to immunohistochemical examination using S100 staining and histologically evaluate the neurovascular structures in foreskin samples obtained from children aged 0-3 years and 6-11 years. The goal is to provide guidance in determining an appropriate age for circumcision based on these data.
METHODS: Concerns regarding potential effects on glans sensitivity and sexual function led to the investigation and comparison of sensory innervation in the foreskin of children aged 0-3 and 6-11 years, a total 54 samples, divided into pre-phallic (0-3 years) and post-phallic (6-11 years) groups, were examined. The mean number of Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini endings, free nerve endings and the diameters of arteries were investigated.
RESULTS: Our findings show that compared to the 6-11 age group, the 0-3 age group had considerably lower sensory innervation in terms of, Meissner\'s corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini endings and free nerve endings. Additionally, the diameter of arteries was noticeably smaller in the 0-3 age group.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study supports the idea that circumcision performed in the early years of life may be associated with less adverse effects on neurovascular structures.
摘要：
背景：包皮环切术是一种外科手术，由于宗教原因，在世界各地经常进行，文化,和医学原因。包皮环切术的最佳年龄仍有争议，根据地理不同的程序，文化,和外科医生的偏好。
目的：本研究旨在使用S100染色进行免疫组织化学检查，并从组织学上评估从0-3岁和6-11岁儿童获得的包皮样本中的神经血管结构。目标是根据这些数据为确定包皮环切术的适当年龄提供指导。
方法：对龟头敏感性和性功能的潜在影响的担忧导致了对0-3岁和6-11岁儿童包皮感觉神经支配的调查和比较。总共54个样本,分为阳前（0-3岁）和阳后（6-11岁）组，进行了检查。Meissner和Pacinian小体的平均数,鲁菲尼结局,研究游离神经末梢和动脉直径。
结果：我们的研究结果表明，与6-11岁年龄组相比，0-3岁年龄组的感觉神经支配相当低，迈斯纳的尸体,Pacinian小体，鲁菲尼末梢和自由神经末梢。此外,0~3岁年龄组的动脉直径明显较小.
结论：结论：这项研究支持以下观点:在生命早期行包皮环切术对神经血管结构的不良影响较少.
目的：本研究旨在使用S100染色进行免疫组织化学检查，并从组织学上评估从0-3岁和6-11岁儿童获得的包皮样本中的神经血管结构。目标是根据这些数据为确定包皮环切术的适当年龄提供指导。
方法：对龟头敏感性和性功能的潜在影响的担忧导致了对0-3岁和6-11岁儿童包皮感觉神经支配的调查和比较。总共54个样本,分为阳前（0-3岁）和阳后（6-11岁）组，进行了检查。Meissner和Pacinian小体的平均数,鲁菲尼结局,研究游离神经末梢和动脉直径。
结果：我们的研究结果表明，与6-11岁年龄组相比，0-3岁年龄组的感觉神经支配相当低，迈斯纳的尸体,Pacinian小体，鲁菲尼末梢和自由神经末梢。此外,0~3岁年龄组的动脉直径明显较小.
结论：结论：这项研究支持以下观点:在生命早期行包皮环切术对神经血管结构的不良影响较少.
