Abstract：
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is widely used to evaluate product\'s life cycle environmental impact and identify the environmental weaknesses. However, it is difficult for existing LCA software to perform flexible LCA analysis based on the product life cycle characteristics and industry background. Meanwhile, under the existing LCA research model, product designers and manufacturers are usually not LCA evaluators, resulting in a certain time gap between the evaluation results and product improvement. Designers with less experience in green design often find it difficult to identify high environmental impact links in products at different life cycle stages and product levels, and updated products are challenging to meet various environmental restrictions. This paper establishes a multi-module product life cycle analysis model that combines product industry background that includes basic information, assessment information, structural information, and restriction information to achieve the multi-scenario of product LCA in different dimensions in a typical domain. The calculated mechanism of the dynamic power emission factor is built according to the service time and space dimensions. The proposed method forms an integrated environmental performance evaluation of household appliance (EPEHA) system. A software assessment and an optimization method are proposed to improve the EPEHA system. The results of this study show that these proposed methods can improve the timeliness and diversity of results analysis of product LCA in the field of household appliances in China. The universal data exchange format and simple operation interface of the EPEHA system enable people related to the product to quickly understand the environmental impact of the product in different scenarios, even if they lack green design knowledge and professional software training.
摘要：
生命周期评价(LCA)被广泛用于评价产品的生命周期环境影响和识别环境弱点。然而,现有的LCA软件很难根据产品生命周期特征和行业背景进行灵活的LCA分析。同时,在现有的LCA研究模型下，产品设计师和制造商通常不是LCA评估者，导致评价结果与产品改进之间存在一定的时间差。在绿色设计方面经验较少的设计师往往发现很难识别产品在不同生命周期阶段和产品级别的高环境影响环节，更新的产品在满足各种环境限制方面具有挑战性。本文建立了多模块产品生命周期分析模型,该模型结合产品行业背景,评估信息，结构信息，和限制信息，实现典型领域不同维度产品LCA的多场景化。根据服务时间和空间维度建立了动态功率发射因子的计算机制。所提出的方法形成了家用电器（EPEHA）系统的集成环境绩效评估。提出了一种软件评估和优化方法来改进EPEHA系统。研究结果表明,本文提出的方法能够提高我国家用电器领域产品LCA分析结果的时效性和多样性。EPEHA系统通用的数据交换格式和简单的操作界面，使与产品相关的人员能够快速了解产品在不同场景下对环境的影响，即使他们缺乏绿色设计知识和专业的软件培训。
