Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Connected speech analysis has been effectively utilized for the diagnosis and disease monitoring of individuals with Alzheimer\'s disease (AD). Existing research has been conducted mostly in monolingual English speakers with a noticeable lack of evidence from bilinguals and non-English speakers, particularly in non-European languages. Using a case study approach, we characterized connected speech profiles of two Bengali-English bilingual speakers with AD to determine the universal features of language impairments in both languages, identify language-specific differences between the languages, and explore language impairment characteristics of the participants with AD in relation to their bilingual language experience.
UNASSIGNED: Participants included two Bengali-English bilingual speakers with AD and a group of age-, gender-, education-, and language-matched neurologically healthy controls. Connected speech samples were collected in first language (L1; Bengali) and second language (L2; English) using a novel storytelling task (i.e., Frog, Where Are You?). These samples were analyzed using an augmented quantitative production analysis and correct information unit analyses for productivity, fluency, syntactic and morphosyntactic features, and lexical and semantic characteristics.
UNASSIGNED: Irrespective of the language, AD impacted speech productivity (speech rate and fluency) and semantic characteristics in both languages. Unique language-specific differences were noted on syntactic measures (reduced sentence length in Bengali), lexical distribution (fewer pronouns and absence of reduplication in Bengali), and inflectional properties (no difficulties with noun or verb inflections in Bengali). Among the two participants with AD, the individual who showed lower proficiency and usage in L2 (English) demonstrated reduced syntactic complexity and morphosyntactic richness in English.
UNASSIGNED: Evidence from these case studies suggests that language impairment features in AD are not universal across languages, particularly in comparison to impairments typically associated with language breakdowns in English. This study underscores the importance of establishing connected speech profiles in AD for non-English-speaking populations, especially for structurally different languages. This would in turn lead to the development of language-specific markers that can facilitate early detection of language deterioration and aid in improving diagnosis of AD in individuals belonging to underserved linguistically diverse populations.
UNASSIGNED: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25412458.
UNASSIGNED: Participants included two Bengali-English bilingual speakers with AD and a group of age-, gender-, education-, and language-matched neurologically healthy controls. Connected speech samples were collected in first language (L1; Bengali) and second language (L2; English) using a novel storytelling task (i.e., Frog, Where Are You?). These samples were analyzed using an augmented quantitative production analysis and correct information unit analyses for productivity, fluency, syntactic and morphosyntactic features, and lexical and semantic characteristics.
UNASSIGNED: Irrespective of the language, AD impacted speech productivity (speech rate and fluency) and semantic characteristics in both languages. Unique language-specific differences were noted on syntactic measures (reduced sentence length in Bengali), lexical distribution (fewer pronouns and absence of reduplication in Bengali), and inflectional properties (no difficulties with noun or verb inflections in Bengali). Among the two participants with AD, the individual who showed lower proficiency and usage in L2 (English) demonstrated reduced syntactic complexity and morphosyntactic richness in English.
UNASSIGNED: Evidence from these case studies suggests that language impairment features in AD are not universal across languages, particularly in comparison to impairments typically associated with language breakdowns in English. This study underscores the importance of establishing connected speech profiles in AD for non-English-speaking populations, especially for structurally different languages. This would in turn lead to the development of language-specific markers that can facilitate early detection of language deterioration and aid in improving diagnosis of AD in individuals belonging to underserved linguistically diverse populations.
UNASSIGNED: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25412458.
摘要：
■连接语音分析已有效地用于阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的诊断和疾病监测。现有的研究主要是在单语英语使用者中进行的，明显缺乏双语者和非英语使用者的证据，特别是非欧洲语言。使用案例研究方法，我们表征了两个孟加拉语-英语双语者与AD的连接语音配置文件，以确定两种语言的语言障碍的普遍特征，识别语言之间的特定语言差异，并探讨AD参与者的语言障碍特征与双语语言体验的关系。
■参与者包括两名孟加拉语-英语双语者和一组年龄-，性别-,教育-，和语言匹配的神经健康对照。使用新颖的讲故事任务（即，青蛙,您在哪里？）。使用增强的定量生产分析和正确的信息单元分析来分析这些样品的生产率，流利,句法和形态句法特征，以及词汇和语义特征。
■无论语言如何，AD会影响两种语言的语音生产率（语速和流畅度）和语义特征。在句法措施上注意到独特的语言特定差异（在孟加拉语中减少了句子长度），词汇分布（孟加拉语中代词较少，没有重复），和屈折性质（孟加拉语中的名词或动词屈折没有困难）。在AD的两名参与者中，在L2（英语）中表现出较低的熟练程度和使用率的个人表现出降低的英语句法复杂性和句法丰富度。
■这些案例研究的证据表明，AD中的语言障碍特征并不是所有语言的通用特征。特别是与通常与英语语言崩溃相关的障碍相比。这项研究强调了在非英语人群中建立连接语音配置文件的重要性，特别是结构不同的语言。这反过来会导致语言特异性标记的发展，这些标记可以促进语言恶化的早期检测，并有助于改善属于语言服务不足的不同人群的个体中AD的诊断。
■https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25412458。
■参与者包括两名孟加拉语-英语双语者和一组年龄-，性别-,教育-，和语言匹配的神经健康对照。使用新颖的讲故事任务（即，青蛙,您在哪里？）。使用增强的定量生产分析和正确的信息单元分析来分析这些样品的生产率，流利,句法和形态句法特征，以及词汇和语义特征。
■无论语言如何，AD会影响两种语言的语音生产率（语速和流畅度）和语义特征。在句法措施上注意到独特的语言特定差异（在孟加拉语中减少了句子长度），词汇分布（孟加拉语中代词较少，没有重复），和屈折性质（孟加拉语中的名词或动词屈折没有困难）。在AD的两名参与者中，在L2（英语）中表现出较低的熟练程度和使用率的个人表现出降低的英语句法复杂性和句法丰富度。
■这些案例研究的证据表明，AD中的语言障碍特征并不是所有语言的通用特征。特别是与通常与英语语言崩溃相关的障碍相比。这项研究强调了在非英语人群中建立连接语音配置文件的重要性，特别是结构不同的语言。这反过来会导致语言特异性标记的发展，这些标记可以促进语言恶化的早期检测，并有助于改善属于语言服务不足的不同人群的个体中AD的诊断。
■https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25412458。
