Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Understanding the knowledge, perception and attitudes towards Ebola vaccines is an important factor in ensuring future use of these vaccines. A qualitative methods study embedded in an Ebola vaccine immunogenicity and safety trial (NCT04028349) was conducted to explore the knowledge and perceptions of healthcare (HCWs) and frontline workers (FLWs), about Ebola vaccines and their willingness to participate or recommend participation in Uganda.
METHODS: We carried out focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews before and after vaccination, with 70 HCWs and FLWs who consented to participate in the trial, and in the qualitative component, from August to September 2019. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.
RESULTS: Respondents showed good knowledge about Ebola and the vaccines in general, and had wide access to information through several channels, including the study team. On prevention, particular attention was given to effective communication within health facilities. Misconceptions were mainly around route of transmission, animal origin and types of vaccines. Previous fears were based on rumours circulating in the community, mainly about the presence of the virus in the vaccine, side effects and intention to harm (e.g. by \"the whites\"), ultimately insisting on transparency, trust and involvement of local leaders. Acceptability of participation was motivated by the need to protect self and others, and the willingness to advance research. Majority were willing to recommend participation to their community.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, information sharing leads to a better understanding and acceptance of vaccine trials and a positive vaccination experience can be a deciding factor in the acceptance of others. Particular attention should be paid to involving the community in addressing misconceptions and fears, while ensuring that participants have access to vaccination sites in terms of transport, and that they are properly accommodated at the study site including staying for a reasonable period of time.
METHODS: We carried out focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews before and after vaccination, with 70 HCWs and FLWs who consented to participate in the trial, and in the qualitative component, from August to September 2019. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.
RESULTS: Respondents showed good knowledge about Ebola and the vaccines in general, and had wide access to information through several channels, including the study team. On prevention, particular attention was given to effective communication within health facilities. Misconceptions were mainly around route of transmission, animal origin and types of vaccines. Previous fears were based on rumours circulating in the community, mainly about the presence of the virus in the vaccine, side effects and intention to harm (e.g. by \"the whites\"), ultimately insisting on transparency, trust and involvement of local leaders. Acceptability of participation was motivated by the need to protect self and others, and the willingness to advance research. Majority were willing to recommend participation to their community.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, information sharing leads to a better understanding and acceptance of vaccine trials and a positive vaccination experience can be a deciding factor in the acceptance of others. Particular attention should be paid to involving the community in addressing misconceptions and fears, while ensuring that participants have access to vaccination sites in terms of transport, and that they are properly accommodated at the study site including staying for a reasonable period of time.
摘要：
背景：了解知识，对埃博拉疫苗的认知和态度是确保未来使用这些疫苗的重要因素。进行了一项嵌入埃博拉疫苗免疫原性和安全性试验（NCT04028349）的定性方法研究，以探索医疗保健（HCWs）和一线工人（FLWs）的知识和看法。关于埃博拉疫苗及其参与或推荐参与乌干达的意愿。
方法：我们在疫苗接种前后进行了焦点小组讨论和半结构化访谈，有70名HCWs和FLWs同意参加试验，在定性部分，2019年8月至9月。使用主题内容分析对数据进行分析。
结果：受访者对埃博拉病毒和疫苗的总体了解良好，并通过多种渠道广泛获取信息，包括研究团队。关于预防,特别注意卫生设施内部的有效沟通。误解主要围绕传播途径，动物来源和疫苗类型。以前的恐惧是基于社区里流传的谣言，主要是关于疫苗中病毒的存在，副作用和伤害意图(例如“白人”)，最终坚持透明度，当地领导人的信任和参与。参与的可接受性是出于保护自我和他人的需要，以及推进研究的意愿。大多数人愿意向他们的社区推荐参与。
结论：总体而言，信息共享可以使人们更好地理解和接受疫苗试验,积极的疫苗接种经验可能是其他人接受的决定性因素.应特别注意让社区参与解决误解和恐惧，同时确保参与者在运输方面能够进入疫苗接种地点，并且他们在研究地点得到适当的住宿，包括停留一段合理的时间。
方法：我们在疫苗接种前后进行了焦点小组讨论和半结构化访谈，有70名HCWs和FLWs同意参加试验，在定性部分，2019年8月至9月。使用主题内容分析对数据进行分析。
结果：受访者对埃博拉病毒和疫苗的总体了解良好，并通过多种渠道广泛获取信息，包括研究团队。关于预防,特别注意卫生设施内部的有效沟通。误解主要围绕传播途径，动物来源和疫苗类型。以前的恐惧是基于社区里流传的谣言，主要是关于疫苗中病毒的存在，副作用和伤害意图(例如“白人”)，最终坚持透明度，当地领导人的信任和参与。参与的可接受性是出于保护自我和他人的需要，以及推进研究的意愿。大多数人愿意向他们的社区推荐参与。
结论：总体而言，信息共享可以使人们更好地理解和接受疫苗试验,积极的疫苗接种经验可能是其他人接受的决定性因素.应特别注意让社区参与解决误解和恐惧，同时确保参与者在运输方面能够进入疫苗接种地点，并且他们在研究地点得到适当的住宿，包括停留一段合理的时间。
