Abstract：
Attention on the use of transboundary aquifers (TBAs) and their cross-border impacts is growing as countries become increasingly concerned about their long-term water security. Cross-border impacts, in groundwater quality and quantity, tend to concentrate in specific parts of TBAs, as they largely depend on the transboundary flow dynamics where anthropogenic actions operate. Thus, there is a growing consensus that strategies intended to prevent or mitigate such impacts should be implemented in strategic zones rather than in the whole TBA. These transboundary groundwater management zones (TGMZs) are relatively recent but have become a prominent topic in TBA management. However, until now, limited effort has been put into exploring the concept of TGMZs and the methods for their delineation. This research aims to fill these gaps and provide a basis for the delineation of TGMZs, thus helping neighbouring countries meet international responsibilities regarding the right to use and enjoy groundwater in TBAs. By reviewing academic and grey literature accessible from public sources, we present an overview of the concept and terminology of TGMZs, the approaches proposed for their delineation, and current operating examples. Additionally, we build a conceptual framework for assessing cross-border groundwater impacts by identifying their typologies and causal factors. We then apply our framework to evaluate and compare three reported methods which identify and delineate TGMZs from distinct perspectives, thereby gaining insights into their principles, performances, and limitations. Finally, we provide recommendations for further research towards optimising methods for delineating TGMZs.
摘要：
随着各国越来越关注其长期水安全，对跨界含水层（TBA）的使用及其跨界影响的关注日益增加。跨境影响，在地下水质量和数量方面，倾向于集中在TBA的特定部分，因为它们在很大程度上取决于人为行动运作的跨界流动动态。因此，越来越多的共识是，旨在防止或减轻此类影响的策略应在战略区域而不是整个TBA中实施。这些跨界地下水管理区（TGMZ）相对较新，但已成为TBA管理中的突出主题。然而,直到现在,在探索TGMZs的概念及其划定方法方面已经付出了有限的努力。本研究旨在填补这些空白，为TGMZs的划定提供基础，从而帮助邻国履行关于在TBA中使用和享受地下水的权利的国际责任。通过回顾可从公共来源获得的学术和灰色文献，我们概述了TGMZs的概念和术语，提出的划定方法，和当前的操作示例。此外,我们通过确定跨界地下水的类型和因果因素，建立了一个评估跨界地下水影响的概念框架。然后，我们应用我们的框架来评估和比较三种报告的方法，这些方法从不同的角度识别和描绘TGMZ，从而深入了解他们的原则，表演,和限制。最后,我们为进一步研究如何优化划分TGMZ的方法提供了建议。
