Abstract：
In the domain of medical advancement, nanotechnology plays a pivotal role, especially in the synthesis of biocompatible materials for therapeutic use. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs), known for their magnetic properties and low toxicity, stand at the forefront of this innovation. This study explored the reproductive toxicological effects of Sodium Citrate-functionalized SPIONs (Cit_SPIONs) in adult male mice, an area of research that holds significant potential yet remains largely unknown. Our findings reveal that Cit_SPIONs induce notable morphological changes in interstitial cells and the seminiferous epithelium when introduced via intratesticular injection. This observation is critical in understanding the interactions of nanomaterials within reproductive biological systems. A striking feature of this study is the rapid localization of Cit_SPIONs in Leydig cells post-injection, a factor that appears to be closely linked with the observed decrease in steroidogenic activity and testosterone levels. This data suggests a possible application in developing nanostructured therapies targeting androgen-related processes. Over 56 days, these nanoparticles exhibited remarkable biological distribution in testis parenchyma, infiltrating various cells within the tubular and intertubular compartments. While the duration of spermatogenesis remained unchanged, there were many Tunel-positive germ cells, a notable reduction in daily sperm production, and reduced progressive sperm motility in the treated group. These insights not only shed light on the intricate mechanisms of Cit_SPIONs interaction with the male reproductive system but also highlight the potential of nanotechnology in developing advanced biomedical applications.
摘要：
在医学进步领域，纳米技术起着举足轻重的作用,特别是在用于治疗用途的生物相容性材料的合成中。超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒(SPIONs),以其磁性和低毒性而闻名，站在创新的前沿。本研究探讨了柠檬酸钠功能化的SPIONs（Cit_SPIONs）对成年雄性小鼠的生殖毒性作用，一个具有巨大潜力但仍未知的研究领域。我们的发现表明，通过睾丸内注射引入Cit_SPIONs会引起间质细胞和生精上皮的明显形态变化。这一观察对于理解纳米材料在生殖生物系统中的相互作用至关重要。这项研究的一个显著特点是注射后睾丸间质细胞中Cit_SPIONs的快速定位，一个似乎与观察到的类固醇活性和睾酮水平下降密切相关的因素。该数据表明在开发靶向雄激素相关过程的纳米结构疗法中的可能应用。超过56天,这些纳米颗粒在睾丸实质中表现出显著的生物分布，浸润管状和管间隔室中的各种细胞。虽然精子发生的持续时间保持不变，有许多Tunel阳性的生殖细胞,每天精子产量显著减少，治疗组的进行性精子运动性降低。这些见解不仅阐明了Cit_SPIONs与男性生殖系统相互作用的复杂机制，而且突出了纳米技术在开发先进生物医学应用中的潜力。
