PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Maternal prenatal exposure to household air pollution (HAP) is a critical public health concern with potential long-term implications for child respiratory health. The objective of this study is to assess the level of association between prenatal household air pollution and child respiratory health, and to identify which HAP pollutants are associated with specific respiratory illnesses or symptoms and to what degree. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed databases up to April 27, 2010, and their reference lists were reviewed. Random effects models were applied to estimate summarized relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The analysis involved 11 studies comprising 387 767 mother-child pairs in total, assessing various respiratory health outcomes in children exposed to maternal prenatal HAP. Children with prenatal exposure to HAP pollutants exhibited a summary RR of 1.26 (95% CI=1.08-1.33) with moderate between-study heterogeneity (I²=49.22%) for developing respiratory illnesses. Specific associations were found between prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) (RR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.09-1.13), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) (RR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.09-1.60), and particulate matter (PM) (RR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.2186-1.3152) and child respiratory illnesses (all had I² close to 0%, indicating no heterogeneity). Positive associations with child respiratory illnesses were also found with ultrafine particles (UFP), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and ozone (O3). However, no significant association was observed for prenatal exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2). In summary, maternal prenatal exposure to HAP may contribute to a higher risk of child respiratory health issues, emphasizing the need for interventions to reduce this exposure during pregnancy. Targeted public health strategies such as improved ventilation, cleaner cooking technologies, and awareness campaigns should be implemented to minimize adverse respiratory effects on children.
摘要：
孕产妇产前暴露于家庭空气污染（HAP）是一个关键的公共卫生问题，对儿童呼吸系统健康具有潜在的长期影响。这项研究的目的是评估产前家庭空气污染与儿童呼吸健康之间的关联水平，并确定哪些HAP污染物与特定的呼吸系统疾病或症状以及在何种程度上相关。截至2010年4月27日，从PubMed数据库中检索了相关研究，并对其参考文献进行了审查。随机效应模型用于估计汇总相对风险（RR）和95％置信区间（CI）。该分析涉及11项研究，共387767对母子，评估暴露于母体产前HAP的儿童的各种呼吸健康结果。产前暴露于HAP污染物的儿童表现出1.26的总RR（95％CI=1.08-1.33），研究间中度异质性（I²=49.22％），以发展为呼吸系统疾病。发现产前暴露于一氧化碳（CO）之间存在特定关联（RR=1.11，95％CI：1.09-1.13），氮氧化物（NOx）（RR=1.46，95%CI：1.09-1.60），和颗粒物（PM）（RR=1.26，95%CI：1.2186-1.3152）和儿童呼吸系统疾病（所有I²都接近0%，表明没有异质性)。还发现超细颗粒（UFP）与儿童呼吸系统疾病呈正相关，多环芳烃（PAH），臭氧（O3）然而,产前二氧化硫(SO2)暴露没有显著关联.总之,孕妇产前暴露于HAP可能导致儿童呼吸系统健康问题的风险更高，强调需要采取干预措施来减少怀孕期间的这种暴露。有针对性的公共卫生战略，如改善通风，更清洁的烹饪技术，并应开展提高认识运动，以最大程度地减少对儿童的不良呼吸影响。
