Abstract：
Cryptosporidiosis is a global health problem threats life of immunocompromised patients. Allium sativum (A. sativum) is one of the therapeutic options for cryptosporidiosis. This study develops green synthesized ZnO-NPs based on A. sativum extract, and assesses its therapeutic application in treating experimental cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice. FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, and zeta analyzer were used for characterization of bio ZnO-NPs. The morphology of prepared materials appeared as sponge with many pores on the whole surface that allows the feasibility of bio ZnO-NPs for different biological activities. Its structural analysis was highly stabilized with negative charge surface which indicated for well distribution into the parasite matrix. Twenty-five immunosuppressed Cryptosporidium parvum infected mice, classified into 5 groups were sacrificed at 21th day after infection with evaluation of parasitological, histopathological, oxidative, and proinflammatory biomarkers. Treated mice groups with 50 and 100 mg/kg of AS/ZnO-NPs showed a highly significant decline (79.9% and 83.23%, respectively) in the total number of expelled oocysts. Both doses revealed actual amelioration of the intestinal, hepatic, and pulmonary histopathological lesions. They also significantly produced an increase in GSH values and improved the changes in NO and MDA levels, and showed high anti-inflammatory properties. This study is the first to report green synthesis of ZnO/A. sativum nano-composite as an effective therapy in treating cryptosporidiosis which gave better results than using A. sativum alone. It provides an economical and environment-friendly approach towards novel delivery synthesis for antiparasitic applications. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Green synthesis of ZnO-NPs was developed using A. sativum extract. The morphology of prepared ZnO-NPs appeared as sponge with many pores on SEM The study evaluates its therapeutic efficacy against murine cryptosporidiosis The green synthesized ZnO-NPs significantly reduced percent of oocyst shedding, improved the pathological changes, and showed high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials.
摘要：
隐孢子虫病是威胁免疫功能低下患者生命的全球性健康问题。大蒜（A.sativum）是隐孢子虫病的治疗选择之一。本研究开发了绿色合成ZnO-NPs的基础上，并评估其在免疫抑制小鼠实验性隐孢子虫病治疗中的治疗应用。FTIR,扫描电子显微镜，和zeta分析仪用于表征生物ZnO-NP。制备材料的形态表现为海绵，整个表面具有许多孔，这使得生物ZnO-NP具有不同的生物活性。其结构分析在负电荷表面上高度稳定，这表明可以很好地分布在寄生虫基质中。25只免疫抑制的微小隐孢子虫感染小鼠，分为5组，在感染后第21天处死，并进行寄生虫学评估，组织病理学,氧化，和促炎生物标志物。用50和100mg/kg的AS/ZnO-NPs处理的小鼠组显示出非常显着的下降（79.9％和83.23％，分别）在排出的卵囊总数中。两种剂量都显示了肠道的实际改善，肝，和肺组织病理学病变。它们还显著增加了GSH值，并改善了NO和MDA水平的变化，并显示出高抗炎特性。本研究首次报道了ZnO/A的绿色合成。sativum纳米复合材料是治疗隐孢子虫病的有效疗法，比单独使用sativum具有更好的效果。它提供了一种用于抗寄生虫应用的新型递送合成的经济和环境友好的方法。研究重点：使用A.sativum提取物开发了ZnO-NP的绿色合成。制备的ZnO-NP的形态在SEM上表现为具有许多孔的海绵。研究评估了其对鼠隐孢子虫病的治疗效果。绿色合成的ZnO-NP显着降低了卵囊脱落的百分比，改善了病理变化，并显示出高抗氧化和抗炎潜力。
