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Abstract：
The frequent occurrence of extreme weather events is one of the future prospects of climate change, and how ecosystems respond to extreme drought is crucial for response to climate change. Taking the extreme drought event in the Tropic of Cancer (Yunnan section) during 2009-2010 as a case study, used the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index to analyse the impact of extreme drought on enhanced vegetation index (EVI), leaf area index (LAI) and gross primary productivity (GPP), and to analyzed the post extreme drought vegetation recovery status. The results indicate the following: (1) Due to the cumulative effects of drought and vegetation phenology, vegetation growth in the months of March to May in 2010 was more severely affected. (2) Compared to EVI and LAI, GPP is more sensitive to drought and can accurately indicate areas where drought has impacted vegetation. (3) Following an extreme drought event, 70% of the vegetation can recover within 3 months, while 2.87-6.57% of the vegetation will remain unrecovered after 6 months. (4) Cropland and grassland show the strongest response, with longer recovery times, while woodland and shrubland exhibit weaker responses and shorter recovery times. This study provides a reference for the effects of extreme drought on vegetation.
摘要：
极端天气事件的频繁发生是未来气候变化的前景之一,以及生态系统如何应对极端干旱对于应对气候变化至关重要。以2009-2010年北回归线(云南段)极端干旱事件为例,使用标准化的降水蒸散指数来分析极端干旱对增强植被指数（EVI）的影响，叶面积指数(LAI)和毛初级生产力(3GPP)，并分析了极端干旱后植被恢复状况。结果表明:(1)由于干旱和植被物候的累积效应,2010年3月至5月的植被生长受到了更严重的影响。(2)与EVI和LAI相比，其对干旱更为敏感，可以准确指示干旱影响植被的地区。（3）极端干旱事件后，70%的植被可以在3个月内恢复，而2.87-6.57％的植被将在6个月后仍未恢复。(4)农田和草地反应最强,恢复时间更长，而林地和灌木丛表现出较弱的响应和较短的恢复时间。该研究为极端干旱对植被的影响提供了参考。
