Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The vertebral artery (VA) is in close proximity to bony structures, nerves and nerve sheaths of the cervical spine and craniovertebral junction (CVJ). These structures can be sources of tumors that are responsible for displacement, encasement and sometimes invasion of the VA. Removing these tumors while minimizing the risk of vascular injury requires thorough knowledge of the vascular anatomy, risk factors of vascular injury, the relationships of each tumor type with the VA, and the different surgical approaches and techniques that result in the best outcomes in terms of vascular control, tumoral exposure and resection.
OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of preoperative and anatomical considerations, differential diagnoses and various approaches to consider in cases of tumors in close relationship with the VA.
METHODS: A review of recent literature was conducted to examine the anatomy of the VA, the tumors most frequently affecting it, surgical approaches, and the necessary pre-operative preparations for ensuring safe and maximal tumor resection. This review aims to underscore the principles of treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Tumors located at the CVJ and the cervical spine intimately involved with the VA, pose a surgical challenge and increase the risk of incomplete removal of the lesion. Detailed knowledge of the patient-specific anatomy and a targeted pre-operative work-up enable optimal planning of surgical approach and management of the VA, thereby reducing surgical risks and improving extent of resection.
OBJECTIVE: To present an overview of preoperative and anatomical considerations, differential diagnoses and various approaches to consider in cases of tumors in close relationship with the VA.
METHODS: A review of recent literature was conducted to examine the anatomy of the VA, the tumors most frequently affecting it, surgical approaches, and the necessary pre-operative preparations for ensuring safe and maximal tumor resection. This review aims to underscore the principles of treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Tumors located at the CVJ and the cervical spine intimately involved with the VA, pose a surgical challenge and increase the risk of incomplete removal of the lesion. Detailed knowledge of the patient-specific anatomy and a targeted pre-operative work-up enable optimal planning of surgical approach and management of the VA, thereby reducing surgical risks and improving extent of resection.
摘要：
背景：椎动脉（VA）靠近骨结构，颈椎和颅骨交界处（CVJ）的神经和神经鞘。这些结构可能是导致移位的肿瘤的来源，有时是对VA的侵扰和入侵。切除这些肿瘤，同时将血管损伤的风险降至最低，需要对血管解剖的全面了解。血管损伤的危险因素，每种肿瘤类型与VA的关系，以及不同的手术方法和技术在血管控制方面产生最佳结果，肿瘤暴露和切除。
目的：概述术前和解剖学考虑因素，与VA密切相关的肿瘤的鉴别诊断和考虑的各种方法。
方法：对最近的文献进行了回顾，以检查VA的解剖结构。最常影响它的肿瘤，手术方法,以及必要的术前准备，以确保安全和最大程度的肿瘤切除。这篇综述旨在强调治疗原则。
结论：位于CVJ和颈椎的肿瘤与VA密切相关，构成手术挑战，并增加不完全切除病变的风险。对患者特定解剖结构的详细了解和有针对性的术前检查能够优化手术方法的计划和VA的管理，从而降低手术风险，提高切除程度。
目的：概述术前和解剖学考虑因素，与VA密切相关的肿瘤的鉴别诊断和考虑的各种方法。
方法：对最近的文献进行了回顾，以检查VA的解剖结构。最常影响它的肿瘤，手术方法,以及必要的术前准备，以确保安全和最大程度的肿瘤切除。这篇综述旨在强调治疗原则。
结论：位于CVJ和颈椎的肿瘤与VA密切相关，构成手术挑战，并增加不完全切除病变的风险。对患者特定解剖结构的详细了解和有针对性的术前检查能够优化手术方法的计划和VA的管理，从而降低手术风险，提高切除程度。
