Abstract：
The widespread use of plastic has resulted in the accumulation of plastic waste across a range of sizes, notably including microplastics (MPs). The introduction of MPs into aquatic ecosystems can lead to the contamination of organisms, mainly fish. This study reports for the first time a quantitative and qualitative analysis conducted on the abundance of MPs encountered in water and sediment of milkfish aquaculture ponds in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Water and sediment samples were collected at three stations between February to April 2021. The abundance of MPs was analyzed through the application of one-way ANOVA tests and Pearson\'s correlation analysis. The results identified four types of MPs: fragments, fibers, films, and pellets. The highest abundance of MPs in both water (10.40 particle/L) and sediment samples (1.15 particle/g) was observed in March. The predominant MPs size in the water samples is 100-500 μm, while it is below 100 μm in the sediment. The color of the MPs varied across eight colors: black, purple, red, blue, yellow, pink, green, and transparent. The identification of MPs polymers was found to be polypropylene (PP), Polyurethane (PU), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), High-density polyethylene (HDPE), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The presence of MPs in the water column and sediments was correlated with human activities around the ponds. Hence, the abundance of MPs is a source of pollution that has the potential to damage the nutritional quality of farmed milkfish. This study provides important information for the local governments to develop waste management policies for a cleaner environment and improved human health.
摘要：
塑料的广泛使用导致了各种尺寸的塑料废物的积累，特别是包括微塑料(MP)。将MPs引入水生生态系统可能导致生物体的污染，主要是鱼。这项研究首次对Gresik的乳鱼养殖池塘的水和沉积物中遇到的MPs的丰度进行了定量和定性分析，东爪哇,印度尼西亚。在2021年2月至4月之间在三个站点收集了水和沉积物样本。应用单因素方差分析和Pearson相关分析对MPs的丰度进行分析。结果确定了四种类型的MP：碎片，纤维，电影,和颗粒。3月观察到水（10.40颗粒/L）和沉积物样品（1.15颗粒/g）中MPs的最高丰度。水样中主要的MPs大小为100-500μm，而在沉积物中低于100μm。国会议员的颜色有八种不同的颜色：黑色，紫色,红色,蓝色,黄色,粉色,绿色,和透明。MPs聚合物的鉴定被发现是聚丙烯（PP），聚氨酯（PU），聚碳酸酯(PC),聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PETE),高密度聚乙烯（HDPE），和低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）。水柱和沉积物中MP的存在与池塘周围的人类活动有关。因此，大量的国会议员是污染的来源，有可能损害养殖奶鱼的营养质量。这项研究为地方政府制定更清洁的环境和改善人类健康的废物管理政策提供了重要信息。
