Abstract：
The effluents from pulp and paper manufacturing industries contain high concentrations of phenol, which when discharged directly into surface water streams, increases the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this study, two dominant bacteria SP-4 and SP-8 were isolated from the effluent emanating with a pulp and paper industry. The selected phenol-degrading isolates were identified as Staphylococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sciuri respectively by using nucleotide sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of 16 S rRNA regions of the genome. The two isolates used for the biodegradation process effectively degraded phenol concentration of pulp and paper industry effluent upto 1600 and 1800 mg/L resepctively. The individual isolates and consortium were immobilized using activated carbon, wood dust, and coal ash. Additionally, the effluent was treated using a bio-filter tower packed column immobilized with bacterial cells at a constant flow rate of 5 mL/min. The present study showed that the developed immobilized microbial consortium can effectively degrade 99% of the phenol present in pulp and paper industry effluents, resulting in a significant reduction in BOD and COD of the system. This study can be well implemented on real-scale systems as the bio-filter towers packed with immobilized bacterial consortium can effectively treat phenol concentrations up to 1800 mg/L. The study can be implemented for bioremediation processes in phenolic wastewater-contaminated sites.
摘要：
纸浆和造纸行业的废水含有高浓度的苯酚，当直接排放到地表水中时，增加生物需氧量(BOD)和化学需氧量(COD)。在这项研究中,从纸浆和造纸工业排出的废水中分离出两种优势细菌SP-4和SP-8。选定的降解苯酚的分离株被鉴定为葡萄球菌属。通过对基因组的16SrRNA区域进行核苷酸序列比对和系统发育分析，分别进行了研究。用于生物降解过程的两个分离株分别有效地降解了纸浆和造纸工业废水中的苯酚浓度，分别达到1600和1800mg/L。使用活性炭固定各个分离物和聚生体，木屑,和粉煤灰。此外,使用固定有细菌细胞的生物过滤塔填充柱以5mL/min的恒定流速处理流出物。本研究表明，所开发的固定化微生物聚生体可以有效降解制浆造纸工业废水中99%的苯酚，导致系统的BOD和COD显著降低。这项研究可以在实际规模的系统上很好地实施，因为装有固定化细菌财团的生物过滤塔可以有效地处理浓度高达1800mg/L的苯酚。该研究可用于含酚废水污染场所的生物修复过程。
