Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Though the epidemiology of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) fractures has been well documented at urban hospitals, the characteristics of these fractures in rural hospitals have not been well studied.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to report on the epidemiology of CMF fractures at a regional Level 1 trauma center serving a large rural population in central Illinois.
UNASSIGNED: This is a retrospective cohort study at a community-based regional tertiary referral center that serves a predominantly rural population. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with radiologically confirmed CMF fractures between 2015 and 2019. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.
METHODS: Predictor variables included demographics (age, admission source, race, and sex) and etiology of CMF fracture (assault/domestic violence, all-terrain vehicle/off-road, falls, farm-related, motor vehicle collisions, gunshot wound, and others).
METHODS: The primary outcome variable was the CMF anatomic location including nasal bone, orbit, mandible, malar/maxillary, and other CMF fractures.
UNASSIGNED: The covariates are not applicable.
METHODS: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize a sample of the population characteristics. Wilcoxon ranked sign tests and χ2 tests of independence were used to assess for statistically significant associations between select variables of interest. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05.
RESULTS: Between 2015 and 2019, a total of 2,334 patients presented to the emergency department with a CMF fracture. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the final sample was composed of 1,844 patients for the management of 2,405 CMF fractures. The majority of patients were male(62.0%) and young adults (aged 18-39) had the highest number of CMF fractures (819) relative to all other age groups. The most common fracture etiology was fall(37.3%), and nasal bone fractures represented the most common fracture location(41.6%). χ2 analyses revealed statistically significant associations between the anatomic location of CMF fracture incurred, and differing categories of age, admission source, race, sex, and etiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that patients seen at our Midwestern Level 1 trauma center are more likely to present with nasal bone and malar/maxillary fractures due to falls. In studies based in urban centers, patients are likely to present with orbital and mandibular fractures due to falls and assault.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to report on the epidemiology of CMF fractures at a regional Level 1 trauma center serving a large rural population in central Illinois.
UNASSIGNED: This is a retrospective cohort study at a community-based regional tertiary referral center that serves a predominantly rural population. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with radiologically confirmed CMF fractures between 2015 and 2019. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.
METHODS: Predictor variables included demographics (age, admission source, race, and sex) and etiology of CMF fracture (assault/domestic violence, all-terrain vehicle/off-road, falls, farm-related, motor vehicle collisions, gunshot wound, and others).
METHODS: The primary outcome variable was the CMF anatomic location including nasal bone, orbit, mandible, malar/maxillary, and other CMF fractures.
UNASSIGNED: The covariates are not applicable.
METHODS: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize a sample of the population characteristics. Wilcoxon ranked sign tests and χ2 tests of independence were used to assess for statistically significant associations between select variables of interest. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05.
RESULTS: Between 2015 and 2019, a total of 2,334 patients presented to the emergency department with a CMF fracture. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the final sample was composed of 1,844 patients for the management of 2,405 CMF fractures. The majority of patients were male(62.0%) and young adults (aged 18-39) had the highest number of CMF fractures (819) relative to all other age groups. The most common fracture etiology was fall(37.3%), and nasal bone fractures represented the most common fracture location(41.6%). χ2 analyses revealed statistically significant associations between the anatomic location of CMF fracture incurred, and differing categories of age, admission source, race, sex, and etiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that patients seen at our Midwestern Level 1 trauma center are more likely to present with nasal bone and malar/maxillary fractures due to falls. In studies based in urban centers, patients are likely to present with orbital and mandibular fractures due to falls and assault.
摘要：
背景：尽管在城市医院中，颅面（CMF）骨折的流行病学已经得到了很好的证明，这些骨折在农村医院的特点还没有得到很好的研究。
目的：本研究的目的是报告在伊利诺伊州中部一个为大量农村人口服务的地区一级创伤中心的CMF骨折的流行病学。
■这是一个以社区为基础的区域三级转诊中心的回顾性队列研究，主要服务于农村人口。纳入标准包括2015年至2019年间放射学证实为CMF骨折的患者。排除病历不完整的患者。
方法：预测器变量包括人口统计学（年龄，录取来源,种族,和性别）和CMF骨折的病因（攻击/家庭暴力，全地形车/越野,falls,与农场有关,机动车碰撞,枪伤,和其他人）。
方法：主要结果变量是CMF解剖位置，包括鼻骨，轨道,下颌骨,颌骨/上颌，和其他CMF骨折。
■协变量不适用。
方法：使用描述性统计来总结人群特征的样本。Wilcoxon排名符号检验和χ2独立性检验用于评估所选感兴趣变量之间的统计学显着关联。统计学显著性定义为P<0.05。
结果：在2015年至2019年之间，共有2,334例因CMF骨折而被急诊就诊。在应用纳入/排除标准后，最终样本由1,844例患者组成,治疗2,405例CMF骨折.相对于所有其他年龄组，大多数患者为男性（62.0％），年轻人（18-39岁）的CMF骨折数量最高（819）。最常见的骨折病因是跌倒（37.3%），鼻骨骨折是最常见的骨折部位（41.6%）。χ2分析显示CMF骨折发生的解剖位置之间有统计学意义的关联，和不同的年龄类别，录取来源,种族,性别,和病因。
结论：我们的研究表明，在我们的中西部一级创伤中心看到的患者更容易出现由于跌倒引起的鼻骨和颌骨/上颌骨骨折。在基于城市中心的研究中，患者可能由于跌倒和攻击而出现眼眶和下颌骨骨折。
目的：本研究的目的是报告在伊利诺伊州中部一个为大量农村人口服务的地区一级创伤中心的CMF骨折的流行病学。
■这是一个以社区为基础的区域三级转诊中心的回顾性队列研究，主要服务于农村人口。纳入标准包括2015年至2019年间放射学证实为CMF骨折的患者。排除病历不完整的患者。
方法：预测器变量包括人口统计学（年龄，录取来源,种族,和性别）和CMF骨折的病因（攻击/家庭暴力，全地形车/越野,falls,与农场有关,机动车碰撞,枪伤,和其他人）。
方法：主要结果变量是CMF解剖位置，包括鼻骨，轨道,下颌骨,颌骨/上颌，和其他CMF骨折。
■协变量不适用。
方法：使用描述性统计来总结人群特征的样本。Wilcoxon排名符号检验和χ2独立性检验用于评估所选感兴趣变量之间的统计学显着关联。统计学显著性定义为P<0.05。
结果：在2015年至2019年之间，共有2,334例因CMF骨折而被急诊就诊。在应用纳入/排除标准后，最终样本由1,844例患者组成,治疗2,405例CMF骨折.相对于所有其他年龄组，大多数患者为男性（62.0％），年轻人（18-39岁）的CMF骨折数量最高（819）。最常见的骨折病因是跌倒（37.3%），鼻骨骨折是最常见的骨折部位（41.6%）。χ2分析显示CMF骨折发生的解剖位置之间有统计学意义的关联，和不同的年龄类别，录取来源,种族,性别,和病因。
结论：我们的研究表明，在我们的中西部一级创伤中心看到的患者更容易出现由于跌倒引起的鼻骨和颌骨/上颌骨骨折。在基于城市中心的研究中，患者可能由于跌倒和攻击而出现眼眶和下颌骨骨折。
