PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Garcinia L. is a pantropically distributed genus comprised of at least 250 species of shrubs and trees and has centers of diversity located in Africa/Madagascar, Australasia, and Southeast Asia. The genus is notable due to its extreme diversity of floral form, common presence in lowland tropical rainforests worldwide, and potential pharmacological value. Across its entire geographic range, Garcinia lacks a recent taxonomic revision, with the last genus-level taxonomic treatment of Garcinia conducted over 40 years ago. In order to provide an evolutionary-based framework for a revised infrageneric classification of the genus and to investigate in more detail the systematics of New Caledonian species, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequence data for the nuclear ITS region on all samples, and for three chloroplast intergenic spacers (psbM-trnD, trnQ-rps16 and rps16-trnK) on a subset of our overall sampling. Our phylogenetic analyses are the most comprehensive to date for the genus, containing 111 biogeographically and morphologically diverse Garcinia species. The analyses support a broad circumscription of Garcinia, including several previously segregated genera (e.g. Allanblackia, Clusianthemum, Ochrocarpos p.p., Pentaphalangium, Rheedia, and Tripetalum). We recovered nine major clades falling within two major lineages, and we delimit 11 sections. We discuss each of the clades, assign them sectional names, discuss their distinguishing morphological features, compare our taxonomic treatment with the most recent sectional treatment, list representative species, note geographic distribution, and highlight some questions that deserve future investigations. We propose nine new nomenclatural combinations, four new names, and three new lectotypes. In New Caledonia (NC), a total of ten, all endemic, species are recognized and were included in our phylogenetic analyses, with several replicates per species (with the exception of G.virgata and G.urceolata, represented by a single accession each). New Caledonian species were retrieved within three separate clades, respectively including 1) G.balansae; 2) G.comptonii, G.neglecta, G.urceolata, G.virgata; and 3) G.amplexicaulis, G.densiflora, G.pedicellata, G.puat, G.vieillardii. Within NC, the phylogenies did not support the distinction between a putative undescribed species and G.balansae. However, it confirmed the distinction between NC species and both G.vitiensis (found in Fiji and Vanuatu) and G.adinantha (found in Fiji), suggesting that all NC species should be considered as endemics.
摘要：
藤黄属是一种全热带分布的属，由至少250种灌木和树木组成，具有位于非洲/马达加斯加的多样性中心。澳大拉西亚，和东南亚。该属因其花卉形式的极端多样性而引人注目，在全球低地热带雨林中普遍存在，和潜在的药理价值。在整个地理范围内，藤黄缺乏最近的分类学修订，与40多年前对藤黄进行的最后一个属级分类学处理。为了提供一个基于进化的框架，以对该属进行修订的内部分类，并更详细地研究新喀里多尼亚物种的系统学，我们使用所有样本的核ITS区域的DNA序列数据进行了分子系统发育分析，和三个叶绿体基因间间隔区(psbM-trnD，trnQ-rps16和rps16-trnK)在我们整体采样的一个子集上。我们的系统发育分析是迄今为止对该属最全面的，含有111种生物地理和形态多样的藤黄属物种。分析支持藤黄的广泛限制，包括几个以前隔离的属(例如，Allanblackia，Clusianthemum,Ochrocarposp.p.,Pentaphalangium,Rheedia,和Tripetalum）。我们找到了属于两个主要血统的九个主要分支，我们划定了11个部分。我们讨论每个分支，给他们指定分区名称，讨论它们的独特形态特征，将我们的分类治疗与最近的部分治疗进行比较，列出代表物种，注意地理分布，并强调了一些值得未来调查的问题。我们提出了九种新的命名组合，四个新名字,和三个新的样品.在新喀里多尼亚（NC），一共十个,都是地方性的，物种被识别并被包括在我们的系统发育分析中，每个物种有几个重复（除了G.virgata和G.urceolata，分别由一个单一的加入表示)。新喀里多尼亚物种在三个不同的分支中被回收，分别包括1)龟甲；2)G.康普顿，G.neglecta,G.urceolata,G.virgata；和3）G.amplexicaulis，G.densiflora,G.pedicellata,G.puat,G.vieillardii.在NC内,系统发育不支持假定的未描述物种和G.balansa之间的区别。然而,它确认了NC物种与G.vitiensis（在斐济和瓦努阿图发现）和G.adinantha（在斐济发现）之间的区别，建议所有NC物种都应被视为特有物种。
