Abstract：
This study aimed to explore the perceptual-cognitive characteristics of coaches as they assessed team performance in youth soccer. The primary focus was to investigate the alignment between coaches\' subjective analyses of team behaviour and objective analyses, while also examining the relationship between coaches\' gaze behaviour and their levels of coaching experience, particularly considering the potential differences that may exist among coaches with varying levels of experience. Sixty-five male and female adults with various soccer coaching experience (experienced, novice, other team sport experience, and non-team sport experience) watched five 4-minute videos and assessed team behaviour. These subjective evaluations were compared to objective data obtained from video analysis and GPS, which included measures of completed skills, spatiotemporal characteristics, and passing networks. The participants\' fixation duration and frequency were measured for each video clip, and the area around the ball specifically. The study found no significant differences between groups regarding the number of times participants\' subjective analysis aligned with the objective data (p = 0.059, ɳ2 = 0.07). However, coaches with soccer coaching experience demonstrated a higher fixation frequency and more revisits to the ball area when compared to participants without soccer experience (p = <.001, ɳ2 = 0.09). The current study offers a unique approach to uncovering soccer coaching expertise by combining objective and subjective evaluations of team performance. In summary, the study reveals that coaching experience did not impact how often coaches subjective analyses matched objective data. However, soccer coaches had distinctive gaze behaviour patterns where they revisited the area around the ball more often.
Coaches’ perceptions of collective behaviour in soccer teams do not align with objective data, regardless of their level of coaching experience.Gaze behaviour differs between coaches with varying expertise levels.Both experienced and novice coaches visually revisit the area around the ball more often than non-coaches when assessing team performance.Quantitative data may provide an additional level of team analysis than subjective coach assessment alone.
Coaches’ perceptions of collective behaviour in soccer teams do not align with objective data, regardless of their level of coaching experience.Gaze behaviour differs between coaches with varying expertise levels.Both experienced and novice coaches visually revisit the area around the ball more often than non-coaches when assessing team performance.Quantitative data may provide an additional level of team analysis than subjective coach assessment alone.
摘要：
这项研究旨在探讨教练在评估青少年足球团队表现时的知觉认知特征。主要重点是调查教练对团队行为的主观分析和客观分析之间的一致性。同时也检查教练的注视行为和他们的教练经验水平之间的关系，特别是考虑到不同经验水平的教练之间可能存在的潜在差异。65名具有各种足球教练经验的男性和女性成年人（经验丰富，新手,其他团队运动经验，和非团队运动经验）观看了五个4分钟的视频并评估了团队行为。将这些主观评估与从视频分析和GPS获得的客观数据进行比较，其中包括已完成技能的衡量标准，时空特征，通过网络。测量每个视频剪辑的参与者的固定持续时间和频率，特别是球周围的区域。研究发现，在参与者主观分析与客观数据一致的次数方面，组间没有显着差异(p=0.059，2=0.07)。然而,与没有足球经验的参与者相比，有足球教练经验的教练表现出更高的固定频率和更多的球区域重访（p=<.001，2=0.09）。当前的研究提供了一种独特的方法，通过结合对团队绩效的客观和主观评估来发现足球教练的专业知识。总之,研究表明,教练经验并不影响教练主观分析与客观数据匹配的频率.然而,足球教练有独特的凝视行为模式，他们更频繁地重游球周围的区域。
教练对足球队集体行为的看法与客观数据不符，无论他们的教练经验如何。具有不同专业知识水平的教练之间的凝视行为有所不同。在评估团队表现时，经验丰富的教练和新手教练都比非教练更频繁地在视觉上重新审视球周围的区域。定量数据可能比单独的主观教练评估提供额外的团队分析水平。
教练对足球队集体行为的看法与客观数据不符，无论他们的教练经验如何。具有不同专业知识水平的教练之间的凝视行为有所不同。在评估团队表现时，经验丰富的教练和新手教练都比非教练更频繁地在视觉上重新审视球周围的区域。定量数据可能比单独的主观教练评估提供额外的团队分析水平。
