Abstract：
The popliteal artery (PA) is a lower extremity arterial vessel, a continuation of the superficial femoral artery. PA may be injured in the majority of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), as well as arthroscopic surgeries which may lead to acute ischemic injury. Our objective was analyzing morphometry of PA in relation to other structures both in flexion and extension of the knee, highlighting discrepancies in the PA\'s location in varying positions. Literature was reviewed in regards to morphological qualities, prevalence rates, and variants of PA were pooled. Five cadaveric and 14 radiological studies were included, totalling 1473 lower limbs. We found that PA, when nearing bone, was more predictable and fixed as seen in axial plane one and two centimeters distal to joint line at 0 degrees flexion. The distance between PA and posterior tibial cortex was estimated at 3.3 mm with 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.6-4.1 and 7.8 mm (95% CI 5.1-10.5) respectively. Once PA passed over and nearing the joint it had larger discrepancies with distance comparing the knee in 0 vs 90 degree flexion. Due to rise of TKA, arthroscopic surgeries and connected vascular complications PA has been investigated more frequently, and while majority of publications describes relationships between vessels of popliteal area and specific landmarks conducted with knee in extension, our study also implemented data regarding knee flexion thus encompassing the problem in a more dynamic manner. We believe this provides superior data for identification of PA, especially during knee surgery.
摘要：
the动脉（PA）是下肢动脉血管，股浅动脉的延续.PA可能在大多数全膝关节置换术（TKA）中受伤，以及可能导致急性缺血性损伤的关节镜手术。我们的目的是分析PA的形态计量学与其他结构在屈膝和伸展的关系，突出显示PA位置在不同位置的差异。文献在形态质量方面进行了综述，患病率，合并PA的变体。包括5个尸体和14个放射学研究，总共1473条下肢.我们发现PA,当接近骨头时，更可预测和固定，如在0度弯曲时在关节线远端1和2厘米的轴向平面上看到的。PA与胫骨后皮质之间的距离估计为3.3mm，分别为95％置信区间（CI）2.6-4.1和7.8mm（95％CI5.1-10.5）。一旦PA越过并靠近关节，与0度和90度屈曲相比，膝关节的距离差异更大。由于TKA的兴起,关节镜手术和相关血管并发症PA的研究更频繁，虽然大多数出版物描述了pop区血管与膝盖伸展的特定标志之间的关系，我们的研究还实施了有关膝关节屈曲的数据，因此以更动态的方式涵盖了该问题。我们相信这为PA的鉴定提供了优越的数据，尤其是在膝盖手术期间。
